Quiz 1 Flashcards
________ allows researchers to rule out differences among participants as the cause of differences in the dependent variable.
Random Assignment
A researcher discovers a strong positive correlation between ice cream sales and the incidence of violent crimes. Based on this, we can conclude that:
a. on a day when ice cream sales are high, there are likely to be more violent crimes.
b. somehow eating ice cream is causing people to become violent.
c. if we manage to control crime rates, ice cream sales will probably decrease.
d. we should recommend cutbacks in the sales of ice cream because it unexpectedly seems to increase aggression.
a. on a day when ice cream sales are high, there are likely to be more violent crimes
A researcher is interested in the relationship between the number of a person’s past sexual partners and the person’s decision to have an HIV test. To determine this, the researcher should use the ________ method.
correlational
If a scientist believes that another person’s theory is wrong, the best approach for that scientist to take is to:
a. design a study making specific predictions to test the alternate explanation.
b. work in another country.
c. ignore the other’s research because it is irrelevant to the scientist’s theory.
d. write an essay explaining why the other theory is wrong.
a. design a study making specific predictions to test the alternate explanation.
In social psychology, the technique of meta-analysis is most like ________ research.
archival
Internal validity is to ________ as external validity is to ________.
causality; generalizability
A researcher conducted a study and found a positive correlation between age and income level. In other words, this researcher found that as age ________, income level tends to ________.
increases; increase
A researcher is interested in the changing nature of sex roles in contemporary society. If she were to employ an archival analysis, what would she be most likely to do?
Select one:
a. participate in the daily activities of a family in which the woman works and the man stays home
b. observe both men and women in “non-traditional” occupations
c. interview both male and female doctors to determine how they are treated by colleagues
d. record how boys and girls are portrayed in children’s books
record how boys and girls are portrayed in children’s books
All of the following are limits on observational research except
a. researchers using archival data are dependent on the original creators of the archive.
b. many behaviors of interest occur only in private.
c. the coding of the data by judges is always low in reliability.
d. the sample being observed tends to be limited to just one group of people, one activity, and one setting.
the coding of the data by judges is always low in reliability.
How is a field experiment similar to a lab experiments? Both involve:
a. random selection.
b. manipulation of an independent variable.
c. control of extraneous variables.
d. high internal validity.
random selection
