Quiz 2 Flashcards
What is Judaism?
“First” monotheistic religion, according to the textbook
People of the Covenant (relationship between God and the Chosen People)
What are the 2 types of Jews?
Observant (Religious adherents)
Nonobservant (Culturally Jewish only)
How did observant Jews write/say God’s name?
YHWH, Adonai (Lord)
God had a personal name and was personally involved with humans
What is the Shema?
Daily recitation/prayer
“Hear O Israel…”
How are the names of God structured?
YHWH (Tetragrammaton, meaning all vowels removed)
Names with “el” references the Lord’s name
What are the parts of the Torah?
Torah, Nevi’im (Prophets), Ketuvim (Writings)
What are other names of the Torah?
Old Testament, Pentateuh (in Greek), Book of Moses, Book of Law
What does Torah mean in Hebrew?
Instruction/Law
What are the 5 books in the Pentateuch?
Genesis, Exodus, Levitivus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
Nevi’im (Prophets)
Prophets (“one who speaks for God” in Hebrew)
Isaiah, Jeremiah, Samuel, etc.
Ketuvim (Writings)
Job, Song of Songs, Ruth, Daniel, Psalms, Proverbs
The teachings of the Rabbis (Oral Torah) was written down into what two books?
Mishnah and Talmud
Misnah
First interpretation of the Torah
Rabbinical teachings from 200BC
Pointed out the rabbinic study of the oral Torah
Talmud
The second interpretation of the Torah
Based of the Mishnah
Connects the Misnah with the Tanakh
What is the importance of the Babylonian Exile?
Jews started collecting their teachings and scriptures into what would become the modern Bible
What is the importance of the destruction of the 2nd Temple?
The beginning of the Classical/Rabbinic Age
What was Abraham Joshua Heschel’s definition of Judaism?
“The covenant between God and the people”
What can Judiasm be separated into?
- The interpretation of Jewish history
2. Sanctification of life
The Patriarchs
God called on Abraham to lead into Promised Land in Canaan.
Israelites were marked by circumcision.
Exodus and Revelation
Israelites move to Egypt and forced into slavery.
God called on Moses to free them and lead them to Mount Sinai, where the Torah was revealed to Moses.
Monarchy of David and Solomon
King David conquered land, including Jerusalem, which he made the capital.
Solomon rebuilt the temple.
Babylonian Exile
Israel fell to Assyrians and Judah fell to Babylonians.
Citizens were exiled until Persians conquered Babylon.
Many returned and rebuilt the tmeple.
Greek Conquest of Palestine
Greek conquered Palestine and its language and culture was established. Some Jews embraced it, while others created:
Sadducees (conservative wealthy priests)
Essenes (rejected all Greek ways and lived in deserts)
Pharisees (Adopted some Greek culure, but ignored its religious aspects)
Destruction of the Second Temple
Romans conquered Palestine, causing the Crucifixion of Jesus, the Jewish War, destruction of the Second Temple, and the beginning of the Classical or Rabbinic Age of Judaism
