Quiz 12/12 Flashcards
Rituals associated with the life cycle and movement of people between different age-status levels are called __________________ (p. 434-5)
rites of passage
Victor Turner breaks down rites of passage into 3 stages: structure, liminality and communitas. According to Turner’s classification students in college are in which stage?
communitas
A religious belief associates a particular group with species of plant or animal that symbolizes the clan or society is called what (animatism, animimism, totemism or mana)?
totemism
What are cosmic religions? They are common where? (bands or chiefdoms or states?)
intimately associated with nature and common among bands/foragers
According to the text, why is Europe so much more secularized that America? (p. 455)?
political leaders and intellectuals in Europe wanted to end deadly and genocidal religious wars
The Yanomamo men who take hallucinogenic snuff to get in contact with hekura spirits to heal and act as part-time religious specialists are called ________ by anthropologists (priests, shamans, diviners, contacts)?
shamans
What is an ecclesiastical religion? These religions are associated with what level of society? (band, tribes, chiefdoms or states?)
limited to the specific territory of the societies and intimately tied to their state organization
According to the book Indian Givers by Weatherford (p. 484), how can he conclude that “subjugation….and extinction of nonstate societies” is NOT progress and “is bad for all humans”?
when we destroy indigenous peoples and societies, we risk losing a great deal of knowledge
What is secularization?
decline in the influence of religion in society
What does the term religious syncretism refer—its definition (p. 497)?
indigenous beliefs and practices are blended with those of Christianity
What is the main argument of Huntingdon’s important book Clash of Civilizations (other than that “Western civilization is ‘at odds’ with non-western cultures”?) [i.e. WHY are we at odds and so ‘different’—what don’t ‘they’ have? p. 472 lines 3-6 on top left-hand side?
they do not have the institutions for developing civil democratic societies, individualism, free markets, etc.
ECONOMIC Change: What was the name for the large-scale plantation system forced upon Latin Americans by the Spanish…starts with the letter ‘h’ ____________________(p. 595-6)
haciendas
Which one of the three theories mentioned above emphasizes that inequality between the rich and the poor nations is the result of the rich nations’ historical intentional exploitation of the poor nations?
dependency theory
Which one of the above theories says that global inequality between the rich and poor nations is caused by the interlocking global economic system?
world-systems theory
What is the name of the model of economic development that focuses on reducing government regulations, weakening unions and cutting back on social services as a way to improve a nation?
idk
