Quiz 10/24 Flashcards
What is the NAME of the technique used in the photo on p. 177, what type of material is this method used to find?
flotation; used for plant materials
What one phenomenon is central to Boserup, Binford, Cohen and Flannery’s explanation of WHY domestication (agriculture) occurred? (is it climate change, population stress, diseases or war?
population stress
According to Kent Flannery, where were plants first domesticated? a. in locations where the wild ancestors naturally occurred OR b in places outside of the wild ancestors’ natural habitats?
places outside the natural habitat
What does David Rindos (1984) say about how plants were first domesticated and what is the name of his theory? (p. 181)
coevolution; humans unintentionally promoted the survival of plants by weeding, storing, irrigating, and burning fields
What did Lewis Binford say caused the advent of domestication (p. 180…see question 2 above!!)?
environmental change caused population stress
The 4 Consequences of Domestication
- Population Growth; 2. WORSENING Health and Nutrition; 3. Increased Material Complexity and 4. Increased Sociopolitical Complexity
What are Harris lines? What do they TELL archaeologists about those that had them?
lines in long bones indicating periods of arrested growth; which indicate food shortages
When we say ‘Increased Material Complexity’ we mean that new MATERIALS and new TYPES OF TOOLS appear with domestication. List one example of a new ‘material’ the Neolithic people use and one example of new ‘tools/technology’ that we see with the Neolithic Period?
clay; lamps
Look at the map on Figure 8.3 of (Areas of Early Domestication) a. In what one region were both sunflowers and squash domesticated? b. In what TWO regions was cotton independently domesticated
Eastern North America; Mesoamerica and East Africa
Teosinte is the wild ancestor to what major modern domesticant? How can we TELL that species was fully domesticated (see San Marcos cave site discussion, p. 191!!).
corn; early cobs share features with modern Argentinian popcorn
In which one region of early domestication was both the ass and coffee domesticated?
East Africa
LIST the four type of Political Systems (sociopolitical organization) in order from most simple to most complex.
bands, tribes, chiefdoms, states
The ziggurats of Sumeria and the Egyptian pyramids are both examples of which ONE of the characteristics of complex states listed in the above question?
monumental architecture
Trace element analysis is used to study which ONE of the 7 areas you looked up for question #13?
trade and exchange
