QUIZ 1.1 Flashcards
Major Parts of the cell all contribute to the cell’s maintenance and survival
- Plasma membrane
- cytoplasm
- cytoskeleton
- cell wall
The cell consists of both ___ and _____ organelles
membrane-bound and nonmembrane-bound
Is a jelly-like structure composed of semi-fluid cytosol where all organelles and other cellular contents are immersed or suspended
Cytoplasm
is made up of peptidoglycan in bacterial
cells and cellulose in plant cells. It gives a rigid
structure for the cell and prevents it from bursting.
Cell wall
is mostly composed of phospholipids. It serves as the primary barrier of the cell and is semi-permeable in nature.
plasma membrane
is composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. The cytoskeletal elements provide support and framework and facilitate motility in cells.
cytoskeleton
all the living matter in a cell
Protoplasm
The ____ is the cell’s primary barrier.
plasma membrane
____ or _____ separates the cytoplasm from external
environment.
Cell / Plasma membrane
The membrane comprises the following:
❖ glycolipids
❖ glycoproteins
❖ phospholipids
❖ cholesterol
❖ membrane proteins
Phospolipid head consists of____ & ____
■ phosphate group
■ hydrophilic
The phospolipid tails consists of ____ & ___
■ two fatty acid chains
■ hydrophobic
two phospholipid layers:
two phospholipid layers
■ Phosphate heads.
■ Fatty acid tails
face the cytoplasm and the cell’s exterior.
Phosphate heads
are sandwiched.
Fatty acid tails
describes the membrane structure.
fluid mosaic model
due to its natural viscosity
fluidity
is an important, property of the lipid bilayer, in which it only allows certain molecules to move into,and out of the cell.
Selective permeability
Transport proteins in the membrane may either be in the form of ___ or ___
Carrier / Channel protein
passageway of certain molecules
Channel Protein
change conformation to transport molecules
Carrier P.
detect invading
pathogens
cell recognition p.
binding of molecules to trigger response
receptor p.
This consists of a network of protein fibers that gives the cell its structural framework.
Cytoskeleton
also serves other functions such as movement of organelles, macromolecules, and chromosomes.
cytoskeleton
Microtubules consist of helically arranged globular proteins called ____
Tubulin
A ____ is a helix of ɑ-tubulin and β-tubulin subunits.
microtubule
Microfilaments consist of long fibers of ____, making them the thinnest cytoskeleton.
Actin proteim
● They help facilitate cell and organelle movement.
● They can help change the shape of the cell.
Microfilaments
● Helps maintain cell shape
● Anchors the nucleus
Intermediate Filaments
provide structural integrity to the plasma membrane
Intermediate filaments
The cytoskeleton has 3 major parts:
- Microtubules
- Microfilaments
- Intermediate Filaments
This is where all different subcellular structures are suspended.
Cyctoplasm
Cytoplasm is composed of the _____, a semifluid solution that consists of water and inorganic and organic molecules.
Cytosol
_____ is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane.
● It helps maintain the shape of cells and
prevent them from bursting.
Cell wall
Most bacteria have cell wall made up of ____.
peptidoglycan
The cell wall in some fungi consists of ___
chitin
in Plant cells, the cell wall consists of ____
mesh-like cellulose fibers
It is a major organelle that is composed of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
Plasma Membrane
of different molecules such as proteins, sugars, and cholesterol
mosaic
the “___” in the fatty acid tails of the phospholipids
kinks
the molecules which act as regulators of fluidity
cholesterol
