Quiz 1 Flashcards
Cells have a ______ to ensure that they get adequate nutrients and to prevent a high concentration of wastes from accumulating.
high surface area to volume ratio
Responsible to respond to a stimuli
nerve cell
it is one celled, and give example
-unicellular
-algae
it is more than 2 cells, and it is on human, plamts, amd animals
-multicellular
“Cell came from nothing” what theory is this and who proposed it?
-Spontaneous Generation Theory (SGT)
-Aristotle
A ____ is na non-living thing until it gets its host
virus
General functions of a cell
- Regulation of internal environment
- Acquisition and utilization of energy
- Responsiveness to its environment
- Protection and support
Regulation of the internal environment is ____
Homeostasis
Acquisition and untilization of energy is ____
Chemical energy
an organism’s ability to keep a constant internal state is called ______
Homeostasis
Maintainance of these conditions is important because most cells of an organism require a specific set of conditions to function normally.
Homeostasis
Serve as the cooling system to remove excess heat in the body
perspiration
Generates metabolic heat
Shivering
Regulating body balances
Homeostasis
Ability to feel
responsiveness
It is stored in the bonds present in food molecules, and it will be converted by cells into more usable forms
Chemical energy
____ cells to pump blood
Heart cells
_____ cells to digest food
Intestinal cells
___ cells to initiate motion
Skeletal cells
_____ cells to conduct information
Nerve cells
A cell must first be able to determine the changes that have taken place before deciding the necessary responses that will ultimately result in the maintenance of normal internal conditions.
Responsiveness
_____ means more pigment is released in that area to (more melanin) impart protection to the underlying cells especially UV radiation that can damage DNA.
Tanned skin
Immune cells impart protection against pathogens and other foreign bodies that may enter the general circulation.
Protection and Support
invented the first primitive microscope.
Zacharias Janssen, 1585 - 1632
observed cork cells under a microscope.
Robert Hooke, 1635 - 1703
disapproved the spontaneous generation theory.
Francesco Redi, 1626 - 1697
observed microorganisms by using his own practical microscope. Father of microscopy
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, 1632 - 1723
proposed that all plants are composed of cells. Small boxes inside plants
Matthias Schleiden, 1804 - 1881
proposed that all animals are composed of cells.
Theodor Schwann, 1810 - 1882
proposed that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Rudolf Virchow, 1921 - 1902
Principles of Cell Theory
- Every living organism consists one or more cells
- Cell is the basic unit of life
- Cells come from pre-existing cells
Cells contain ______ which they pass to their daughter cells when they divide.
Hereditary Material
Cells is not affected by ______
Gravity
He was the first to observe the cells under the microscope.
Robert Hooke
His experiment disproved the spontaneous generation theory.
Francesco Redi, 1626 - 1697
He proposed that the cell is the basic unit of plants and animals.
Schwann and Schleiden
He proposed the idea in the cell theory that cells come from preexisting cells.
Rudolf Virchow
Kinds of Cells
- Heart
- Intestinal
- Skeletal
- Nerve
Semi-permeable (G,A,N,P)
- Glucose
- Amino Acids
- Nucleic Acid
- Protein
Lipids
small molecules
Permeable (W,A,N,OC)
- Water
- Alcohol
- Nitrogen
- Oxygen
- Carbon Dioxide
polar molecules
large molecules
Membranoues Protein (C, C, CR, R)
- Channel Protein
- Carrier Protein
- Cell Recognition Protein
- Receptor Protein
Passage way of protein and certain molecules
Channel protein
assists entering and exit of molecules, change conformation to transport molecules
Carrier Protein
they are immune cells that identifies harmful materials, they detect invading pathogens
Cell Recognition Protein
they are like hormones. Binding molecules to trigger response
Receptor Protein
the phospholipid head is _____ (loves water)
hydropholic
the lipid tail is ____(water fearing)
hydrophobic
the plasma membrane is ____ (can pass through but other cannot)
semi - permeable
aims the protection of the inner cell, helps maintain the shape of cells and prevent them from bursting (cellulose)
cell wall
its a phospholipid layer, cells primary barrier
plasma membrane
consists of network of protein fibers that gives the cell its structural framework, make the cell in arranged manner
cytoskeleton
it maintains the internal structure, this is where all different subcellular structures are suspended, liquid surrounding the nucleusm (cytosol)
cyctoplasm
