quiz 10/25

Question 1

isoniazid adv rxn, NI, DFL

Answer 1

Life threat adv: blood dyscrasias (thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis), seizures, hepatotoxicity
Inc eff w/alc, rifampin, cyclosporine, phenytoin
Dec gi absorp w/aluminum antacids
1hr before or 2hr after food (dec absorp w/food)
Vit b6 for neuropathy
Med as described, no sun (photosensitivity), urine red orange

Question 2

amphotericin b

Answer 2

Polyene antifungal

Risk of tox-nephrotox, electrolyte imbalance → watch urine, renal, electrolytes

Question 3

nystatin (mycostatin)

Answer 3

PO or topical: suspension (most common), cream, vaginal tab
Tx candida
Swish and spit

Question 4

fluconazole (diflucan)

Answer 4

Azole group antifungal: p450, ergosterol, inc cell permeability + leakage
candida/cryptococcal meningitis
n/v/d/anorexia, vag rash/burning
Inc pt with warfarin, inc hypoglycemia with sulfa, inc phenyton/cyclosporine/haloperidol
Dec level with cimetidine/rifampin
CI-renal/hep (monitor liver/renal tests)
Monitor urine
No driving (visual changes plus dizzy/tired)
No alc

Question 5

gamastan

Answer 5

Gamma globulins provide passive immunity to virus: block penetration of virus into host cell
IM
Protects for 2-3 wks, repeated 2-3 wks after first dose

Question 6

acyclovir(zovirax)

Answer 6

Abstinence + condoms
Routine pap smears (cervical cancer)
Oral hygiene - gingival hyperplasia with prolonged use

Question 7

chloroquine hcl (aralen hcl)

Answer 7

Assess pt hearing: affects CN VIII
Frequent opthalmic exams
No alc

Question 8

polymyxin

Answer 8

Affect mostly gram neg bacteria: pseudomonas aeruginosa, e coli, klebsiella, shigella
IV

Question 9

HIV, CD4, AIDS

Answer 9

Cd4 count indicates immune fx 800-1200 is norm
Viral load = high level of virus in peripheral blood
Hiv symps range mild-severe 2-12 wks after exposure, often mistaken for transient flu symps
Aids indicates advanced hiv: <200cells/mm3 or 14% of lymphocytes