Quiz 1 - Animals

Question 1

Chimpanzees

Answer 1

• Studied by Jane Goodall
• Native to the forests and savannahs of tropical Africa
• Lively animals, have more extraverted dispositions than gorillas/orangutans, and have a highly developed social structure
• Use tools/not strictly vegetarian

Question 2

Gorillas

Answer 2

• Studied by Dian Fossey
• Have a highly structured social system
• Are more gentle than their reputation
• Very human like

Question 3

Orangutans

Answer 3

• Studied by Birute Galdikas
• They bear much in common with our early ancestors
• They are violent and make tools
• Jump around in trees

Question 4

Neanderthals

Answer 4

• Extinct group of archaic humans who lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago
• NOT early humans (they are a different species) BUT we share a common ancestor
• Some humans and neanderthals interbred (so some people have a small percentage of neanderthal DNA)
• They eventually died out, possibly because homo sapiens were too advanced for them

Question 5

Australopithecines

Answer 5

• Generally any species in the related genera of Australopithecus and Paranthropus
• They are the extinct close relatives of modern humans
• Human clade = extant genus Homo, Australopithecines, and modern humans
• Lucy was the first to be found

Question 6

Australopithecus Africanus

Answer 6

• First ancestor to be discovered
• Around two million years ago,
• This early human had longer legs, shorter arms and a reduced gut.

Question 7

Homo Floresiensis

Answer 7

• An extinct species of small archaic humans that inhabited the island of Indonesia until the arrival of modern humans about 50,000 years ago
• Small bodied and small brained

Question 8

Homo Erectus

Answer 8

• Eldest known early humans to have possessed modern human-like body
• Walk upright
• Control fire
• Ability to sweat
• Persistence hunting

Question 9

Sahelanthropus Tchadensis

Answer 9

-An extinct genus of hominid dated to about 7 million years ago
-Combination of ape-like and human-like features
- Considered one of the oldest human species

Question 10

Homo Habilis

Answer 10

• An extinct species of archaic human from the Early Pleistocene of East and South Africa
• One of the earliest members of the genus Homo
• Has a slightly larger braincase and smaller face and teeth than in Australopithecus or older hominin species