Quiz 1

Question 1

What determines if a society succeeds or fails?

Answer 1

1. Natural Climate Change
2. Self Inflicted Climate Change
3. Failure to Properly Respond to Environmental Changes
4. Hostile Neighbors
5. Loss of Friendly Neighbors

Question 2

Most of today’s environmental problems can be traced back to

Answer 2

population size, resource size, pollution

Question 3

Attitudes toward environmental problems

Answer 3

Technological fix, evaluate and respond, gloom and doom, rosy optimism, frontier

Question 4

Tragedy of the Commons

Answer 4

Each person acts in a way to maximize their own benefits

Question 5

Time Delay

Answer 5

an actions produces benefits in the present while underlying costs and problems are not experienced until later

Question 6

Sliding Reformer

Answer 6

An action that is beneficial at first may change conditions to be harmful

Question 7

Biocentrism

Answer 7

Life centered: Humans and other species have a right to exist and are worthy of protection

Question 8

Ecocentrism

Answer 8

System centered: Value is given to ecosystem as a whole, living and nonliving. Ex: Predator, prey relationships and the Water Cycle

Question 9

Anthropocentrism

Answer 9

Human centered: Only humans have intrinsic value and resources are to meet human needs and wants

Question 10

Scientific Method

Answer 10

Observations
Questions
Hypothesis
Predictions
Test
Results

Question 11

Hypotheses

Answer 11

An imaginative preconception of what the truth might be

Question 12

Null hypothesis

Answer 12

A hypothesis that can be supported or proven wrong

Question 13

Prediction

Answer 13

What should happen if your hypothesis is correct

Question 14

Replication

Answer 14

Taking repeated measurements and producing the same results consistently

Question 15

Theory

Answer 15

a hypothesis has been confirmed and tested by multiple researchers and is widely accepted

Question 16

Natural law

Answer 16

When a theory has been tested multiple times and there are no known exceptions. Ex: gravity, thermodynamics

Question 17

Paradigm Shift

Answer 17

occurs when a majority of scientists accept that the old explanation no longer explains new explanations
(Ex: Cause of ulcers is caused by a bacterium but was once thought to be caused by stress and spicy foods)

Question 18

Lipids

Answer 18

long term energy storage, many hormones are made up of these

Question 19

Carbohydrates

Answer 19

Short term energy, provide structure to cells

Question 20

Proteins

Answer 20

Most enzymes of made up of them

Question 21

Nucleic acids

Answer 21

source of genetic information

Question 22

Constant temps with extremely wet conditions, high biodiversity

Answer 22

Tropical rainforest

Question 23

Populated by migratory grazers, rainy season, plants adapted to drought, heat and fires

Answer 23

Savannah

Question 24

Freezing temps most of the year, no tree

Answer 24

Tundra

Question 25

Hot, dry summer cool moist winter, fire adapted organisms, high biodiversity

Answer 25

Mediterranean scrub/chapparal

Question 26

Regarding the failure of the Viking settlement in Greenland, what env. problem was not self inflicted

Answer 26

Climate Change

Question 27

In Biosphere 2, oxygen levels fell because

Answer 27

there was an imbalance in the carbon cycle

Question 28

Earth is energetically ___, but materially ___

Answer 28

open, closed

Question 29

Biosphere

Answer 29

The total area on Earth where living things are found

Question 30

Biome

Answer 30

A portion of the biosphere characterized by a distinct climate and a particular assemblage of plants and animals adapted to it

Question 31

Ecosystem

Answer 31

A specific portion of a biome consisting of the living and nonliving components that interact

Question 32

Community

Answer 32

All the populations living and interacting in an area. (Living portion of the ecosystem)

Question 33

Population

Answer 33

A group of individuals of the same species living and interacting in the same region

Question 34

Individual

Answer 34

A single member of the population

Question 35

A group of plants or animals that have a high degree of similarity and can generally only interbreed among themselves

Answer 35

Species

Question 36

The physical environment in which individuals of a particular species can be found

Answer 36

Habitat

Question 37

Niche

Answer 37

The role a species plays in its community, how it gets its energy/interacts

Question 38

Atom

Answer 38

Smallest particle representing the characteristic of an element

Question 39

Ionic bond

Answer 39

Formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Associated with inorganic molecules

Question 40

Covalent bond

Answer 40

Formed when two or more atoms share electrons

Question 41

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 41

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 42

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 42

Energy’s usefulness/intensity deteriorates with each transfer

Question 43

Phosphorus and Biosphere 2

Answer 43

phosphorus became trapped in water systems and polluted aquatic habitats

Question 44

Desert

Answer 44

Precipitations is rare, low moisture, vulnerable to overgrazing

Question 45

Temperate Grassland

Answer 45

Rainfall supports growth of grass but not trees, organic rich soils

Question 46

Coniferous/Boreal forest

Answer 46

Dominants trees: conifers, slow growing, limited moistures

Question 47

Temperate Deciduous Forests

Answer 47

Trees lose leaves in winter

Question 48

Tropical Seasonal Forest

Answer 48

Hot year-round, distinct wet and dry seasons

Question 49

Temperate rainforest

Answer 49

Coniferous forests with extremely wet conditions