quiz 1 Flashcards
what is the study of joints called
arthrology
what is osteokinematics
movement of body parts
what is arthrokinematics
movements that occur inside the joint
roll, spin, glide
what 3 things are joints classified by
structure
function
biomechanical properties
name the 3 structural joints
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
name the 3 functional joint types
diarthrosis
synarthrosis
amphiarthrosis
what are the 3 biomechanical properties
simple joint
complex joint
compound joint
3 types of fibrous joints
interosseous membrane
syndesmosis
sutures
where are the only two interosseus membranes in the body
between radius and ulna
between tibia and fibula
3 types of cartilaginous joints
synchondrosis
symphysis
epiphyseal cartilage
name 5 functions of synovial fluid
reduce friction
shock absorber
lubricates cavity
supplies oxygen and nutrients
takes away CO2
what does the labrum do
deepen the socket and increase surface area
what do tendon sheaths do and what is an example of one
reduce friction at joints
transverse humeral ligament over biceps
name the 6 synovial joints
ball and socket
hinge (ginglymus)
pivot
saddle
condyloid
plane
examples of plane joints
AC and sternoclavicular
can be biaxial or triaxial
Examples of pivot joint
atlantoaxial joint
radioulnar
example of condyloid
radiocarpal
list 3 factors affecting contact in a synovial joint
- structure or shape of articulating bones
- contact of soft parts
- strength/tension of ligaments around joint
what are the 3 ways a joint surfaces move on one another
roll
spin
glide/slide
name the 4 main types of movement
gliding
angular movements
rotation
special movements
name special movements (7)
opposition
dorsiflexion, plantarflexion
radial dev/ ulnar dev
protraction/retraction
supination/pronation
elevation/depression
inversion/eversion
what is an angular motion
movements that change the angle between the two articulating bones
examples of angular motion
flexion/extension
lateral flexion
hyperextension
abduction/adduction
circumduction
what is ROM
measurement of the amount of movement around a specific joint
2 ways to measure ROM
passive and active
closed packed posiyion
where joints have max area of contact w each other
joint stability = greatest
injury = fracture, dislocation
close packed =
maximum congruency
minimum mobility
maximum stability
what is the result of a total joint reaction
capsular pattern of restriction
the capsular pattern of restriction names the most restricted range to the
least restricted range
what is a capsular pattern of restriction
predictable pattern of movement restriction that occurs in a synovial joint
GH capsular pattern of restriction
lat rotation
abduction
med rotation
what is kinesthesia
perception of body movements
3 types of proprioceptors
muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs
joint kinesthetic receptors
muscle spindles detect what
length /stretch of muscle
what does GTO sense
tension
what do joint kinesthetic receptors monitor
stretch in a synovial joint and send info to brain for a response
define sprain
overstretching or tearing of a ligament
dislocation
abnormal separation of a joint
effects of aging on joints
decreased synovial fluid
decreased joint space
cartilage becomes thinner
ligaments shorten
muscles weaken
