kneeeeeee Flashcards
name the knee joints (5)
- tibiofemoral
- patellofemoral
- proximal/superior tibiofibular
- mid tibiofibular
- distal tibiofibular
tibiofemoral joint type
synovial
hinge (ginglymus)
diarthrosis
biaxial
artic surfaces of tibiofemoral
CONVEX medial & lateral femoral condyles
CONCAVE tibial plateau
extracapsular ligaments of tibiofemoral joint
extracapsular:
fibrous capsule
patellar
medial patellar retinaculum
lateral patellar retinaculum
tibial/medial collateral ** MCL
fibular/lateral collateral ** LCL
oblique popliteal
arcuate popliteal
intracapsular ligaments of tibiofemoral
anterior cruciate ACL
posterior cruciate PCL
posterior meniscofemoral
transverse
coronary
medial and lateral menisci
movements of tibiofemoral
gliding
flexion
extension
hyperextension
lateral/external rotation
medial/internal rotation
where does the ACL span from
medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle
to
anterior aspect of tibial intercondylar eminence
what does the ACL resist
anterior translation and medial rotation of tibia on femur and is taut in HYPEREXTENSION
where does PCL span from
posterior aspect of intercondylar eminence to lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle
what does PCL resist
posterior translation of tibia on femur
taut in HYPERFLEXION
what does MCL resist
VALGUS forces
what does LCL resist
VARUS forces
what does the meniscus do
acts to disperse weight evenly and to reduce friction w movement
what is the medial meniscus attached to
MCL and semimembranosus muscle/tendon
what does the LCL attach to
PCL and popliteus muscle
what ligament attaches the menisci anteriorly
transverse ligament of the knee
and to the
margins of the head of the tibia by the coronary ligaments
bursas of knee
suprapatellar
superficial & deep
infrapatellar
prepatellar
popliteal
semimembranosus
loose packed of tibiofemoral
25 degrees flexion
close packed of tibiofemoral
full extension
lateral rotation of tibia
capsular pattern of restriction of tibiofemoral
flexion first then extension
ROM of knee joint
flexion - 0-135
extension - 0-15
internal rotation - 20-30
external rotation - 30-40
open kinetic chain (kicking a ball)
FLEXION:
concave___ rolls & glides posterior on convex _____
concave TIBIAL PLATEU rolls & glides posterior on convex FEMORAL CONDYLES
extension: concave tibial plateau rolls & glides ANTERIOR on convex femoral condyles
closed kinetic chain (squat)
FLEXION:
______ roll & glide POSTERIOR on ________-
femoral condyles roll & glide POSTERIOR on tibial plateau (squatting)
extension: femoral condyles roll & glide ANTERIOR on TIBIAL PLATEAU (moving from squatting to standing)
in reference to Q angle what is genu valgum
Q angle greater than 22 degrees in women and 18 in men
KNOCKED KNEEES
what is genu recurvatum
knee hyperextension
patellofemoral joint type
synovial
plane
diarthrosis
triaxial
patellofemoral joint articular surface
CONCAVE posterior surface of patella
CONVEX trochlear surface of the distal anterior femur
ligaments of patellofemoral joint
patellar ligament
medial and lateral patellofemoral
movements of patellofemoral
superior/inferior glide
medial/lateral glide
medial/lateral tilt
medial/lateral rotation
loose packed of patellofemoral
full extension
close packed of patellofemoral
full flexion
capsular pattern of restriction patellofemoral
flexion first then extension
proximal/superior tibiofibular joint type
synovial
plane
diarthrosis
uniaxial
artic surfaces of proximal tibiofibular
articular facet on fibular head
facet on lateral tibial condyle
ligaments of proximal tibiofibular joint
fibrous capsule
anterior & posterior superior tibiofibular
lateral collateral
upper interosseous membrane
** only does gliding**
mid tibiofibular joint type
fibrous
syndesmosis
amphiarthrosis
uniaxial
ligaments of mid-tibiofibular
interosseous membrane
artic surfaces of mid tibiofibular joint
interosseous membrane connecting the shafts of the tibia and fibula
distal tibiofibular joint type
fibrous
syndesmosis
amphiarthrosis
uniaxial
distal tibiofibular artic surfaces
articular area on inferior end of fibula
facet on inferior end of tibia
distal tibiofibular ligaments
interosseous membrane
anterior & posterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments
what is an example of open kinetic chain
kicking a ball
what does dorsiflexion cause the fibula to do
move superiorly causing the proximal/superior tibiofibular joint to be stressed
in the GAIT cycle what does the tibia do during swing phase
tibia internally rotates
(knee flexion)
what does the tibia do during knee extension in the GAIT cycle
the tibia externally rotates during the stance phase
(knee extension)
rotation of the femur occurs automatically between full extension 0 degrees and 20 degrees of knee flexion
during knee extension the tibia glides anteriorly on femur and PCL elongates
during last 20 of knee extension, anterior tibial glide persists on tibia medial condyle
prolonged ant. glide on medial side produces external tibial rotation
