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Genetics > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Genome

A

complete genetic information of a species

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2
Q

Gene

A

unit of hereditary information, a specific nucleotide sequence

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3
Q

Evolution

A

Change in gene frequency over time

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4
Q

Two important functions of genes

A

Inheritance and expression

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5
Q

Gene expression consists of

A

Transcription of DNA into mRNA and the translation of mRNA into a protein

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6
Q

Nucleotides are the

A

Building block of DNA

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7
Q

Deoxyribose

A

Sugar in DNA

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8
Q

Ribose

A

Sugar in RNA

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9
Q

Structure of a nucleotide consists of

A

Phosphate group, nitrogenous base, and deoxyribose

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10
Q

Amino acids are the building block of

A

Polypeptides

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11
Q

How many amino acids are in naturally occurring proteins ?

A

20

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12
Q

All amino acids have

A

R or functional group

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13
Q

Human karotype

A

46 chromosomes, 23 pairs

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14
Q

Ploidy

A

Number of sets of chromosomes

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15
Q

Diploid

A

2 sets of chromosomes

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16
Q

Haploid

A

1 set of chromosomes

17
Q

Homologous chromosomes

A

Similar but not identical (one from each parent)

18
Q

Single chromosome at metaphase

A

Becomes duplicated sister chromatid

19
Q

Arm about centromere (p)

20
Q

Arm below centromere (q)

21
Q

Sister chromatids

A

Identical copies (aa, BB)

22
Q

Homologous chromosomes

A

Same genes , different alleles

23
Q

Bacteria genomes

A

Mostly circular , contains no nucleus and single chromosome (5mb) and plasmid

24
Q

Plasmid

A

Super small DNA molecule bacteria can pass these to other bacteria’s (5-100kb)

25
Q

Eukaryotic genomes

A

Linear chromosome and made out of chromatid ( DNA and protein)

26
Q

Gene

A

Names will be italicized

27
Q

Protein

A

Name are not italicized

28
Q

Species

A

Italicized

Genetics (6 decks)

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