Quiz 1

Question 1

anatomy

Answer 1

study of body structure

Question 2

histology

Answer 2

study of tissue (microscopic)

Question 3

physiology

Answer 3

study of NORMAL organism function

Question 4

pathology

Answer 4

study causes and effects of disease with lab exam and samples

Question 5

SEM

Answer 5

3d image

Question 6

light microscope

Answer 6

not as good resolution??

Question 7

hematoxylin

Answer 7

stains nucleic acids – blue (DNA/RNA)

Question 8

eosin

Answer 8

stains cytoplasm pink

Question 9

trichrome

Answer 9

collagen is blue, epithelium and muscle is red/orange

Question 10

verhoeff-van gieson elastic stain

Answer 10

• stains elastic fibers black (think artery)

Question 11

periodic acid Schiff

Answer 11

PAS, stains mucopolysacc magenta (fungi cell wall)

Question 12

grocott methenamine silver

Answer 12

(GMS), stains type III collagen, fungus and microbes black

Question 13

Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast bacilli stain

Answer 13

AFB stains microbacteria like tb and leprosy

Question 14

blue stain for granules

Answer 14

is hematoxylin

Question 15

immunocytochem/histochem

Answer 15

• stain to see inside cells…can binnd specific targets using antibody with dye tag
• also can be fluoro

Question 16

4 types of tissue

Answer 16

epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, nervous

Question 17

epithelium embroyonic derivation

Answer 17

branchial arches

• all are covered by ectoderm externally
• endoderm lines internal surfaces
• mesoderm is middle

Question 18

ectodermal origin tissues:

Answer 18

epithelium of all OUTSIDE stuff

• mouth, nose, sinus, skin, hair, nails, glands that push stuff out
• oil gland (sebaceous), sweat gland (eccrine), salivary
• cornea
• tooth
• anal canal

Question 19

endodermal origin tissues

Answer 19

• from mouth to anus, respiratory, liver, pancreas, endocrine gland

Question 20

mesodermal origin

Answer 20

• kidney and ureter, adrenal cortex, gonnads
• endothelium of blood vessels and lymph (vasculature)
• mesothelium (pericardium, pleura, male internal organs, peritoneium)

Question 21

epithelium function

Answer 21

• skin: barrier, thermo, sweat, make vit d
• intestine absorb
• glands secrete
• teeth make enamel matrix

Question 22

simple vs complex or strat

Answer 22

• 1 cell vs many cell

Question 23

columnar and squamous shape

Answer 23

column and pillow

Question 24

basement membrane

Answer 24

• basal laminna, connects all epithelium to connective tissue
• protein and polysacc only

Question 25

simple squamous

Answer 25

- endo and mesothelium | - do gas exchange and protect

Question 26

simple cuboidal

Answer 26

- glands, kidney tubules, thyroid follicles | - do absorption, secretion, ion transport

Question 27

simple columnar

Answer 27

- intestinal lining, ameloblast - absorbption and secretion - nucleus is on the basal side

Question 28

stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 28

- arranged in layers | - this is skin, hair nails, etc.

Question 29

pseudostrat columnar

Answer 29

- respiratory track - appears layered (but only one) - ciliated - can have mucus secreting goblet cells

Question 30

transitional epithelium

Answer 30

- can contract and expand | - only in bladder (thinn when full)

Question 31

cytokeratins

Answer 31

- made by all epithelial cells | - intermediate filament proteins (give cell structure)

Question 32

epithelial cell polarity

Answer 32

- apical is free surface with cilia/villi/etc - lateral surface is for cell adhesion - basal surface is for adhesion to mem

Question 33

apical specialization

Answer 33

- microvili: actin - stereocilia: long vili - cilia: microtubule 9+2 thing made with tubulin **all epi has at least 1 cilia

Question 34

tight junction

Answer 34

- found near apical surface, lateral wall - protein complex where cell mem join together - determine and maintain polarity - no water and solute can go btw (paracellular) ONLY transcellular (pump nutrients thru)

Question 35

gap junctionns

Answer 35

- connect cyto together - allow passage of small molecules btw cells so communication - 6 proteins each make connexin

Question 36

see photoes

Answer 36

mew

Question 37

exocrine vs endocrine gland

Answer 37

- exocrine: duct stuff that goes outside | - endogrine make hormones that go into blood

Question 38

merocrine secretion

Answer 38

- vesicle fuse to membrane on apical surfae and exocytosis of stuff - pancreas, salivary gland, tears

Question 39

apocrine secretion

Answer 39

- secretion buds off of cell and goes off | - breast milk

Question 40

holocrine secretion

Answer 40

- product and dead cell are released together | - oil glands

Question 41

unicellular gland

Answer 41

- single cell makes the secretion | - goblet cell (pseudostrat)

Question 42

multicellular gland

Answer 42

- a bunch of cells together secrete stuff | - lots of complex patterns