Quick Deck Flashcards
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Psychotic Disorder
- 1+ of 4 symp. 3 main.
- 1d+ - 1mo
- delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech + disorganized movement
Schizophreniform
Psychotic Disorder
- 2+ of 5 symp. 3 main.
- 1mo+ - 6mo-
- delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech + disorganized movement, negative symptoms
Schizophrenia
Psychotic Disorder
- 2+ of 5 symp. 3 main.
- 1mo+ (active)
6mo+ (prodromal/residual). - delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech + disorganized movement, negative symptoms
Schizoaffective
Psychotic Disorder
- MDD or manic episodes w/
- 2wk+ w/o mood symptoms w/ delusions/hallucinations
- same symptoms as Schizophrenia
Delusional Disorder
Psychotic Disorder
- 1+ delusions
- 1mo+
- Jealousy, Somatic, Persecutory, Erotomaniac, Grandiose (J.SPEG)
Bipolar I
Bipolar Disorder
- 1+ manic episode 1+ MDD or hypomanic episode, psychosis, impaired funct., hosp.
- 1wk+ mania, 4d+ hypo, 2wk+ MDD
Bipolar II
Bipolar Disorder
- 1+ hypomanic episode, 1+ MDD episode, no psychosis, intact funct
- 4d+ hypo, 2wk+ MDD
Cyclothymic
Bipolar Disorder
- many hypomanic + MDD symptoms w/o meeting criteria.
- 2yr+ 18y/o+, 1yr+ 18y/o-
MDD
Depressive Disorder
- 5+ symp. 2 main.
- 2wk+
- low mood, loss of interest, sleep issues, appetite issues, irritable mood, fatigue
Persistent Depressive Disorder
Depressive Disorder
- 2+ symp. low mood.
- 2yr+ 18y/o+, 1yr+ 18y/o-
- low mood, poor appetite/overeating, insomnia/hypersomnia, hopelessness
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Depressive Disorder
- 1+ verbal/behavioral outburst 3x/wk+ w/ irritable/angry mood between outbursts ~qD for most of the day.
Specifiers
Depressive Disorder
- peripartum onset
- seasonal affective pattern
- mild, moderate, severe
- recurrent or single episode
ODD
Disruptive/Impulse-Control/Conduct Disorder
- 4+ symp. toward 1+ persons other than siblings
- 6mo+
- recurrent pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, &/or vindictiveness
Conduct Disorder
Disruptive/Impulse-Control/Conduct Disorder
- 3+ symp. w/i the past 12mos & 1+ symp. w/i the past 6mos.
- specifiers based on number of conduct problems + their consequences (mild, moderate, & severe).
- dx can’t be given to 18y/o+ who meets criteria for Antisocial Personality.
- subtypes:
1) Childhood-onset w/ 1+ symp. prior to 10y/o.
2) Adolescent-onset with no symptoms prior to 10y/o.
3) Unspecified onset when onset unknown.
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
Disruptive/Impulse-Control/Conduct Disorder
- verbal or physical aggression occurring 2x/wk on average for 3mo+ w/o property damage
- or 3 behavioral outbursts in 12mo resulting in property damage or physical injury to others.
- dx for 6y/o+; in childhood or adolescence
- failure to control aggressive impulses
Separation Anxiety
Anxiety Disorder
- 4wk+ kids/teens, 6mo+ adults
- often after exposure to stressful event (parental divorce, death or relative or pet).
- inappropriate/excessive fear/anxiety about being separated from attachment figure
Specific Phobia
Anxiety Disorder
- fear/anxiety must be disproportionate to actual danger
- 6mo+
- specifiers:
1) animals
2) environment
3) situation
4) blood-injection-injury
5) other - intense fear/anxiety about a specific object/situation, accompanied by avoidance or endurance w/ intense distress.
- Mowrer’s (1947)
Mowrer’s Two-Factor Theory
Anxiety Theory
- anxiety is related to a combo of classical & operant conditioning.
- one first experiences classical conditioning at which they find something scary
- then one experiences operant conditioning by avoiding that scary thing.
- the person’s avoidant behavior in negatively reinforced.
Social Anxiety
Anxiety Disorder
- must be disproportionate to actual danger
- 6mo+
- fear/anxiety ~social situation -> either avoids it or endures w/ extreme fear/anxiety
Panic Disorder
Anxiety Disorder
- 4+ of 13 symp.
- 1+ attack followed by 1mo+ of concern about future attacks or consequences
- unexpected panic attacks
Agoraphobia
Anxiety Disorder
- 2+ of 5 situations
1) public transportation
2) open spaces
3) enclosed spaces
4) standing in line/crowd
5) being outside alone - fear/anxiety must be disproportionate to actual danger
- fear/avoid/require companion nearly always due to concern that escape will be difficult or no one is available for help if the person develops panic/incapacitating/embarrassing symptoms
GAD
Anxiety Disorder
- 3+ symp.
1+ symp for kids. - 6mo+ most days
- excessive worry across events, activities
- worry must be difficult to control
OCD
OCD-related Disorder
- specifiers used to indicate level of insight.
- 1hr+/d
- time-consuming recurrent obsession/compulsions
Body Dysmorphic
OCD-related Disorder
- repetitive behaviors/mental acts; others notice/mock the flaw
- preoccupation w/ perceived defect/flaw in physical appearance
Depression Etiology
Depressive Disorder
age
* young adults linked to genetics, life stressors, + limited problem solving/cognitive abilities.
* older adults linked to chronic illness, especially if it decreased psychical functioning & leads to social isolation.
* older adults are less likely to refer to affective symptoms & more likely to refer to somatic symptoms, cognitive changes, & loss of interest in activities.
culture
* Latinx, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, Asian, & non-Western cultures report more somatic symptoms.
* Western cultures report more psychological symptoms.
Depression Comorbidity
Depressive Disorder
- mostly linked w/ substance use (alcohol), then anxiety, then personality
- sleep abnormalities, prolonged latency (lingered initiation), reduced REM + slow-wave, increased REM density (more eye movements per unit of time)
- coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, Parkinson’s
- can be bidirectional in causality of heart attacks (myocardial infarction)
Depression Tx
Depressive Disorder
- psychotherapy, psychopharm (equal), & a combination (more effective)
- St. John’s Wort has similar effects as SSRIs; helpful for mild-moderate, but can cause serotonin syndrome when taken w/ SSRI & can decrease drug effects when taken w/ alprazolam/Xanax or bupropion/Wellbutrin.
- Ketamine/Esketamine (used since 1960s) nose spray is fast-acting tx for treatment resistant depression + SI; it increased glutamate & is used w/ an oral antidepressant
- ECT or rTMS
- telepsychotherapy; similar effects to face-to-face
- children: insufficient evidence to recommend a specific tx
- adolescents: CBT, interpersonal psychotherapy for adolescents (IPT-A), fluoxetine/Prozac but insufficient evidence to recommend one tx over another.
- adults: MCBT, IPT, behavior, psychodynamic, & supportive therapy, or second-gen antidepressants (SSRI or SNRI); strong recommendation for combined tx of CBT or IPT plus second-gen antidepressant
- older adults: recommended either group-CBT or combo of IPT & second-gen antidepressant; insufficient evidence for bibliotherapy or life review therapy
