Questions - Misc 06

Question 1

What component of gram-negative bacteria produces septicemia?

Answer 1

lipopolysaccharide (aka endotoxin)

Question 2

When should antibiotic treatment be started if Rocky Mountains spotted fever is suspected?

Answer 2

Immediately, do not wait for lab results

Question 3

Is there a vaccine for staph aureus?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What are the four stages of pertussis?

Answer 4

Incubation (7 to 10 days, multiplying)
Catarrhal (1 to 2 weeks, infectious, cold-like symptoms)
Paroxysmal (2 to 4 weeks, violent and spasmodic cough)
Convalescent (3 to 4 weeks, coughing reduced, repair)

Question 5

What is the postexposure prophylaxis for pertussis?

Answer 5

Administration of antimicrobials to asymptomatic household contacts within 21 days of onset of cough in the index patient

Question 6

Is the pertussis vaccine, Tdap, safe for pregnant women?

Answer 6

Yes because it is not a live vaccine

Question 7

What is does the treatment of TB consist of?

Answer 7

RIPE (Rifampin, Izoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol) for 2 months (intensive phase) followed by Rifampin, Isoniazid for 4 months (consolidated phase)

Question 8

What are the 4 I’s of TB prevention?

Answer 8

Intensified case finding
INH (when given to those with latent TB, it can reduce the risk of active TB)
Isolation
Immunization

Question 9

What is the cause of most cases of zoonotic TB?

Answer 9

M. bovis

Question 10

What is the #1 cause of death due to infectious disease in the US and Europe?

Answer 10

Pneumonia

Question 11

What is the treatment for walking pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)?

Answer 11

Erythromicin or Tetracycline

Question 12

What is the prevention for Bacillus anthracis?

Answer 12

Vaccine for those at high risk (18-65 yoa):
Lab workers who work with anthrax
People who handle animals/animal products (some vets)
Some members of the US military

Question 13

When does Clostridium difficile normally occur?

Answer 13

After treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics

Question 14

What does Metronidazole do?

Answer 14

Inhibits DNA synthesis and kills the cell

Question 15

What does food infection require?

Answer 15

Bacteria to be present and multiplying

Question 16

Does food intoxication require colonization?

Answer 16

No, it is caused by bacterial toxins already present in the food

Question 17

Is there a vaccine for Typhoid fever?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Which is systemic and which is not (Salmonella vs Shigellosis)

Answer 18

Salmonella - systemic

Shigellosis - not systemic

Question 19

Where are Shigella outbreaks common?

Answer 19

Daycare centers

Question 20

What can hemorrhagic colitis result in?

Answer 20

HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome) in children which can be fatal or cause permanent kidney damage