Antibiotic Resistance Flashcards
1
Q
Which are the forms of antibiotic resistance?
A
- Decreased accumulation of the drug in the cell
- Changes in the target for the drug
- Inactivation of the drug
- Modification/by-pass of the metabolic pathway
2
Q
Which protein targets of the drug can be changed so the drug fails to bind or binds less efficiently?
A
- RNA polymerase
- DNA gyrase
- penicillin binding proteins
- ribosomal subunit
3
Q
What is another name for beta-lactamase?
A
Penicillinase
4
Q
How do beta-lactamases inactivate the drug?
A
Beta-lactamases hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring so that it opens up
5
Q
What are the methods of bypass of the metabolic pathway?
A
New enzymes are created to substitute for the original. The bacterium may abandon the pathway and develop means to take up the nutrients from its environment
