Bacteriology - Background Flashcards
Are bacteria haploid or diploid?
Haploid with the genome in the cytoplasm
What are the bacterial arrangements?
- Coccus
- Rod/Bacillus
- Vibrio
- Spirillum
- Spirochete
- Branching Filaments
What profile will give you which antibiotics a particular bacteria is susceptible to?
Anti-biogram
Which are the two biochemical analysis methods to identify bacteria?
- Sugar fermentation (lactose +/-)
- Enzyme production (coagulase+/-, Urease+/-)
Coagulase production is an important virulence factor for which bacteria?
Staph Aureus
What is the taxonomic structure?
Dumb Kings Play Chess On Funny Green Squares:
- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus (Escherichia)
- Species (coli)
Which are the structural features of a bacterium?
- Appendages
- Cell envelope
- Cytoplasmic
Which are the two major groups of appendages?
- Flagella and axial filaments: provide motility
- Fimbriae and pili: provide attachment points or channels
What is the function of the flagella?
Chemotaxis: movement in response to chemical signals
Which type of bacteria has a periplasmic flagella (aka endoflagella or axial filament)?
Spirochetes (syphillis). It is used for a corkscrew type of motion. It is internal.
Which type of bacteria is a pili found in (gram + or -)?
Gram negative
How does the capsule provide a virulence factor for the bacteria?
It makes the bacteria slippery so it does not let your immune cells grab a hold of the bacteria
What is the capsule (aka Glycocalyx) made of and what is its function?
Made of polysaccharide polymers. Function is adherence and immune evasion.
What are the two forms of the outer polysaccharide layer?
if it is structured really well and close to the cell it is called a capsule, if it is kind of loose and a slime around the bacteria it is called a slime layer ( the old term is glycocalyx)
What are the 2 main components of the cell wall?
- peptidoglycan
- membrane(s)
