Questions I keep missing

Question 1

The structure that regulates body posture, equilibrium, and coordinated fne motor movements is the ________.

Answer 1

cerebellum

Question 2

What is the corpus striatum composed of?

Answer 2

globus padillus, caudate nucleus and putamen

Question 3

These are composed of a ring of connective tissue and muscle extending from the tips of the arytenoid cartilages to the larynz. They seperate the laryngeal vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway.

Answer 3

Aryepiglottic folds

Question 4

Important structure adjavent to the brainstem that contains the hypothalamus and the thalamus is called the ___________.

Answer 4

diecephalon.

Question 5

Who believed that stuttering indicated a social role conflict?

Answer 5

Sheenan

Question 6

Research on prevalance of stuttering has shown what?

Answer 6

• -familial incidence is higher than general population
• -sons of stuttering mothers run greater risk than sons of stuttering fathers
• -blood relatives of stuttering woman run greater risk than those of a stuttering man.

Question 7

What type of words are preschool children more likely to sstutter on?

Answer 7

Function

Question 8

Who proprosed that stuttering is limited to part-word repetitions and sound prolongations, stuttering is due to classically conditioned negative emotion and that some dysfluencies are operantly conditioned?

Answer 8

Brutten and Shoemaker

Question 9

What is taught in fluent stuttering approach?

Answer 9

cancellations, pull-outs and preparatory sets.

Question 10

Which theory proprosed that lack of a unilateral domnant hemispehere is the cause of stuttering?

Answer 10

cerebral dominance theory

Question 11

What is established when an investigator coundts the number of individuals who currently have a particular disorder?

Answer 11

prevalance

Question 12

What is one technique of direct stuttering reduction method?

Answer 12

response cost.

Question 13

To distinguis neurogenci stuttering from that of early onset stuttering you assess the effects of what?

Answer 13

DAF and adaptation.

Question 14

Signs that seperate neurogenic stuttering from early developmental stuttering are….

Answer 14

• -no or minimal adaptation effect
• -reduction upon reading
• -minimal variability in stuttering across speech tasks
• -minimal effects of delayed auditory feedback
• -no associated motor behaviors
• -no obvious anxiety in speaking siutations

Question 15

One fact about the adapatation affect?

Answer 15

Most reduction occurs by 5th reading.

Question 16

Content validity

Answer 16

based on a thorough examination of all test items to determine if the items are relevant to measuring what the test purports to measure, and whether the items adequately sample the full range of the skill being measured

Question 17

Experimental Group Designs

Answer 17

-One experimental group and one control group-

Pretest-post test is common group design

Question 18

Experimental Group Designs Advantages

Answer 18

Strong internal validity in that extraneous or confounding variables are ruled out

Question 19

Experimental Group Designs Limitations

Answer 19

not always possible to draw random participants from specific clinical populations

Question 20

Single Subject Design

Answer 20

Demonstrates cause and effect relationship

Question 21

Single Subject Design Advantages

Answer 21

–clients who serve as participants receive treatment –help generalize research studies to individual clients, easily replicated

Question 22

Single Subject Design Disadvantages

Answer 22

one or few studies cannot be generalized to population, not efficient in predicting the behavior profile of groups of individuals.

Question 23

The Pearson r is used to _____________

Answer 23

express strength of correlational relationship

Question 24

Pearson r range is ______ to _____

Answer 24

-1.0 to +1.0.

Question 25

Pearson r stronger more positive relationship

Answer 25

Closer to +1.0

Question 26

Pearson r stronger and more negative relationship

Answer 26

closer to -1.0

Question 27

Pearson r weak relationship

Answer 27

0

Question 28

a pearson r of .35 is ______

Answer 28

weak

Question 29

Types of measurement scales present or absent Items classified into discrete categories that do not have a numerical relationship E.g. survey where respondents are asked if they never, sometimes, or always use a certain clinical practice.

Answer 29

Nominal

Question 30

Types of measurement scales Same as interval but numerical values must be related to an absolute zero point Zero suggests an absence of the property being measured. E.g. measuring stuttering, 0-10

Answer 30

Ratio

Question 31

Types of measurement scales Can be arranged according to rank orders or levels Numbers do not have mathematical meaning E.g. 1=strongly agree, 2=agree, 3=netral, 4=disagree, 5=strongly disagree

Answer 31

Ordinal

Question 32

Types of measurement scales Numerical scale that can be arranged according to rank orders Scale of 1-10

Answer 32

Interval

Question 33

External factors that affect Validity

Answer 33

1. Hawthorne Effect-extend to which results are affected by participants knowledge of a study 2. Multiple Treatment Interference-multiple independent variables and treatments being assessed 3. Reactive or interactive effects of pretesting-pretest sensitizing the participant to the study

Question 34

Internal factors that affect validity: Instrumentation

Answer 34

-problems with measuring devices

Question 35

Internal factors that affect validity: History

Answer 35

subjects life events that may be responsible for changes

Question 36

Internal factors that affect validity: Statistical Regression

Answer 36

behavior that goes from an extreme high or low point to an average level

Question 37

Internal factors that affect validity: atrition

Answer 37

problem of losing clients

Question 38

Internal factors that affect validity: Maturation-

Answer 38

biological and other kinds of changes within the participants themselves

Question 39

Internal factors that affect validity: testing

Answer 39

the change that occurs in the dependent variable simply because it has been measured more than once

Question 40

Internal factors that affect validity: Subject Selection Bias-

Answer 40

subjective factors that influence the selection of who participates in the study

Question 41

Internal factors that affect validity: Interaction of Factors

Answer 41

combination of factors

Question 42

Hearing: Myringoplasty

Answer 42

repairs tympanic membrane

Question 43

threshold

Answer 43

quietest sound a human can detect.

Question 44

Visipitch-obtains resulrs for ????

Answer 44

- frequency range - optimal pitch - habitual pitch

Question 45

Non-nutritive sucking

Answer 45

brst and pauses in breastfeeding.

Question 46

AAC that used bioelectrical signals such as muscle-action potentials to activate and display messages on a computer monitor.

Answer 46

Neuro-assisted system-

Question 47

therapy including orientation information being given to patient to help with understanding and awareness of the environment

Answer 47

Reality Orientation

Question 48

Asian speakers

Answer 48

- -shorten polysyllabic words, - -r and l confusion - substitute shock for shack

Question 49

Eustachian tube dysfunction related to cleft palate is due to lack of what?

Answer 49

tensor veli palatini muscle

Question 50

In Celphalmoetric analysis of velopharungeal stuctures computer programs analyzes the ratio between the length of the soft palate and depth of the nasopharnx. A ratio of what indicates adequate velopharyngeal closure for speech?

Answer 50

60-80

Question 51

The surgical method that involves raising two bipedocled flaps of mucoperiosteim and attaching them to close the cleft is called what?

Answer 51

von Langenbeck surgical method

Question 52

Cause of Williams Syndrome

Answer 52

deletion of approzimately 25 genes on one copy of chromosome 7q11.23

Question 53

Cuaue of Marfan Syndrome

Answer 53

autosomal dominant caused by mutations in FBN1 gene.