Questions From Study Sheets

Question 1

Four things G6P can make

Answer 1

Glucose, glycogen, R5P, pyruvate

Question 2

Four things pyruvate can make

Answer 2

OAA, lactate, alanine, acetyl CoA

Question 3

Three things acetyl CoA can make

Answer 3

FAs, ketone bodies, CO2

Question 4

Two short term satiety signals + four long term

Answer 4

Short term: CCK, GLP-1

Long term: GLP-1R agonists, SGLT-2 Inhibitors,insulin, leptin

Question 5

CR2 binds what?

Answer 5

C3d

Question 6

Four AAs that make propionyl coA which makes succinyl coA

Answer 6

T, I, M, V

Question 7

Three AAs that make fumarate

Answer 7

D, F, Y! (When you’re fuming.. you say dude, f you!!) lol

Question 8

What enzyme forms OAA from pyruvate?

Answer 8

Pyruvate carboxylase

Question 9

Beriberi affects what part of TCA?

Answer 9

TPP in E1

Question 10

Sx of fumarase deficiency

Answer 10

Encephalomyopathy, dystonia, MR, speech delay

Question 11

Sx of 2-oxoglutaric aciduria

Answer 11

Microcephaly, neuro disorders, metabolic acidosis

Question 12

defect in SCS deficiency

Answer 12

SUCLA2, SUCLG1 deficiencies (part of succinyl coA synthetase)

Question 13

Four things that activate PDP (Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase)

Answer 13

1. Ca
2. Mg
3. Insulin
4. Catecholamines

Question 14

Three things that activate + four things that inhibit PDK (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase)

Answer 14

Activate: ATP, NADH, acetyl CoA
Inhibit: ADP, NAD+, CoA, pyruvate

Question 15

Where malate-aspartate shuttle + glycerophosphate shuttles are found

Answer 15

Malate-aspartate = heart, liver, kidneys
Glycerophosphate = brain, skeletal muscle

Question 16

Xanthine oxidase reaction

Answer 16

Xanthine -> uric acid (in purine catabolism)

Question 17

Rate limiting enzymes for pyrimidine and purine de novo synthesis

Answer 17

Pyrimidine: CPS II
Purine: PRPP aminotransferase

Question 18

Lesch-Nyhan defect

Answer 18

HGPRT

Question 19

Gout defect

Answer 19

Xanthine oxidase

Question 20

Gout treatment

Answer 20

Allopurinol + diet restrictions

Question 21

Methotrexate target and use

Answer 21

Targets DHFR; anti-neoplastic

Question 22

Sulfa drug target and use

Answer 22

Targets PABA-> folate enzyme; anti-bacterial

Question 23

Fluorouracil target and use as a drug

Answer 23

Targets thymidylate synthase, cancer tx

Question 24

IMP dehydrogenase inhibitor target and function

Answer 24

Inhibits IMP -> XMP, immunosuppression

Question 25

Acyclovir target and function

Answer 25

Thymidine kinase; antiviral

Question 26

Mutation in LHON, MERRF, MELAS

Answer 26

LHON: NADH dehydrogenase
MERRF: tRNA Lysine
MELAS: tRNA Leucine

Question 27

Protein size for AD, PD, ALS, and HD

Answer 27

AD: 110/ 4.2
PD: 14
ALS: 32.5
HD: 350

Question 28

X linked recessive SCID

Answer 28

Common y chain

Question 29

Artemis is like which other condition but with what additionally?

Answer 29

Like RAG1/2 Deficiency but with radiosensitivity also

Question 30

X linked T cell deficiencies (2)

Answer 30

IPEX syndrome, WAS (Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome)

Question 31

Enzyme deficient in CGD

Answer 31

NADPH oxidase

Question 32

Type of mutation in cystic fibrosis

Answer 32

Frameshift

Question 33

Enzymes in transcription coupled repair (TCR)

Answer 33

ERCC-6, ERCC-8

Question 34

Condition associated with homologous recombination

Answer 34

Breast cancer (BRCA1/2 encode proteins that facilitate HR)