quesmed paeds Flashcards by Aaska Banthiya

when is desmopressin used in the mx of nocturnal enuresis

over the age of 7

otherwise its 3rd line after lifestyle measures and enuresis alarm

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when do hydroceles present at birth require surgical correction

1-2 years

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why do non resolving hydroceles require surgical correction

increased risk of indirect inguinal hernia

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most common cause of rectal bleeding in a child

meckels diverticulum

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child with UTI what scans are done

ultrasound 4-6 weeks later
DMSA 4-6 months later to look for vesicoureteric reflux

MCUG not needed if over 6 months as reflux nephropathy usually presents before then

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what condition does MCUG look for

reflux nephropathy

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what condition does DMSA look for

vesicoureteric reflux

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cradle cap rash mx

apply baby oil and brush hair then wash the oil off

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bronchiolitis mx

supportive

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bronchiolitis sx

recent coryzal illness
respiratory distress

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what resp rate is high

> 60

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intussusception first ix

ultrasound

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DMD inheritance pattern

x linked recessive

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biliary atresia sx

jaundice
pale stools dark urine
raised LFTs (bilirubin is conjugated)

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biliary atresia first line ix

cholangiography

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what organism causes croup

parainfluenza

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what organism causes bronchiolitis

RSV

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what do these organisms cause
RSV
parainfluenza
bortadella pertussis
heamophilus influenza b
cocksackie A
group A strep
parvovirus

RSV- bronchiolitis
parainfluenza- croup
bortadella pertussis- whooping cough
heamophilus influenza b- acute epiglottitis
cocksackie A- hand foot mouth
group A strep- scarlet fever
parvovirus- slapped check

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causes of conjugated high bilirubin

biliary atresia
cystic fibrosis

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what is waterhouse friedrichson syndrome

when meningitis results in massive adrenal haemorrhage and septic shock

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in strabismus which eye is covered up

the dominant one
the one with the squint is left so it can learn to fix correctly

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what is reyes syndrome

hepatic encephalopathy and liver failure after giving children aspirin

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cyanosis in TOF vs TGA

TGA= continuous
TOF= spells

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what valve abnormality is seen in tuners syndrome

bicuspid aortic valve

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fragile x syndrome sx

intellectual disability social anxiety features of ASD long face large ears large testes

what ix is done for whooping cough

PCR

fragile X syndrome gene

FMR1

for children what is the first step in bls

5 rescue breaths

what age UTI must be admitted to hospital

<3 months

what is red flag for fever in a baby

>38 degrees <3 months

edwards syndrome is trisomy

features of edwards syndrome

low set ears omphalocele microcephaly overlapping digits

mx pre septal cellulitis

oral abx does need IV or hospital stay

other name for slapped cheek syndrome

fifth disease erythema infectiosum

what translocation is seen in ALL

t 12:21

most common complication of measles

acute otitis media

scarlet fever mx

abx phenoxymethylpenicillin usually

what is the first step when a baby who has just been delivered needs resus

clamping the cord

what antibody is measured if someone has IgA deficiency and you suspect coealiacs

anti endomysial

mx biliary atresia

kasai procedure bile ducts are removed and replaced with small bowel to allow bile drainage

what complication occurs if SUFE is not treated

avascular necrosis of the femoral head

double bubble sign

duodenal atresia

what murmur does a VSD cause

pan systolic

jaundice during what time period is always pathological

first 24hrs of life

VSD murmur

pan systolic

what type of bilirubin is raised in physiological jaundice

unconjugated

school exclusion for measles

4 days after onset of rash

pataus syndrome sx

microcephaly celft lip/palate polydactyly cardiac defects

what is trisomy 13 18 21

13= pataus 18= edwards 21= downs

what pulse should you feel for in a child <1 before starting CPR

brachial

how is cows milk protein allergy treated

use hydrolysed formula

is a baby is allergic to formula what do they have

cows milk protein allergy

most likely cause of non palpable testes at birth

physiological delay

what is seen in CXR in TTN

hyperinflated lungs and an air fluid level

what happens to cholesterol levels in anorexia nervosa

they rise

causative organism for rosela infantum

HHV 8

how to manage a child who is unconscious and choking

5 rescue breaths

how is perthes disease managed

conservatively bed rest analgesia

mx of congenital inguinal hernia

refer for repair immediately

what imaging is best to confirm pyloric stenosis

abdo ultrasound

what imaging is best to confirm DDH

hip ultrasound

what murmur do you get in ASD

pulmonary stenosis ejection systolic auscultated best at right upper sternal edge

neonatal chest compression ratio

3:1

scarlet fever mx

phenoxymethylpenicillin

how are newborns with low APGAR scores ventilated

positive pressure first then intubated

whats seen on x ray in rickets

wide epiphyseal plates

how is whooping cough managed

macrolide if they present in the first 21 days

how are infants with transient hypoglycaemia managed

IV dextrose