Quantitative Research Flashcards
Involves the systematic investigation of observable phenomena, gathering numerical data that can be subjected to statistical analysis.
Quantitative Research
It is highly objective, focusing on measurable facts, and seeks to provide clear, exact answers to questions about “how many,” “how much,” or “to what extent.”
Quantitative Research
Data is expressed through numbers, statistics, percentages, and fractions. Involves using mathematical operations to study relationships between variables. Minimizes the researcher’s emotional involvement, emphasizing factual accuracy and numerical precision.
Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is especially common in [][],
whereas qualitative research is more frequently used in [][].
hard sciences (physics, chemistry, and biology); social sciences
There are four (4) Characteristics of Quantitative Research. These include:
- Objectivity
- Structured Approach
- Statistical Analysis
- Exact Measurements
Emphasizes facts over personal opinions or feelings.
Objectivity
Research planning is comprehensive and fully planned before data collection.
Structured Approach
Uses statistical tools such as correlation coefficients, t-tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis to draw conclusions.
Statistical Analysis
Focuses on gathering measurable, precise data.
Exact Measurements
There are two (2) Classifications of Quantitative Research. These are:
- Experimental Research
- Non-Experimental Research
There are four (4) kinds of Experimental Research. These are:
- True Experimental
- Quasi-Experimental
- Pre-Experimental
- Single Subject Research
Controlled experiments with randomly assigned groups.
True Experimental
Causal-comparative. Lacks random assignment, no manipulation of independent variable.
Quasi-Experimental
There are two (2) Types of Quasi-Experimental Research. These are:
- Matched Comparative Group
- Time Series
A type of Quasi-Experimental Research wherein a series of Pre- and Post-Tests are administered to participants.
Time Series
A type of Quasi-Experimental Research wherein the treatment group is paired together with a group similar to them.
Matched Comparative Group / Matched Comparison
Exploratory in nature, without control groups.
Pre-Experimental Research
Examines only one subject over time.
Single Subject Research
There are 6 Types of Non-Experimental Research. These are:
- Survey
- Observational
- Correlational
- Historical
- Descriptive
- Comparative
Collects data from a large population using structured questions.
Survey Research
Involves observing subjects in their natural setting without manipulation.
Observational Research
Examines relationships between variables.
Correlational Research
Uses existing data to investigate past events.
Historical Research
Focuses on describing characteristics of a phenomenon.
Descriptive Research
Compares two or more groups on certain variables.
Comparative Research
The five (5) most common kinds of quantitative research are:
- Descriptive
- Correlational
- Ex post Facto
- Quasi-Experimental
- Experimental
Goal is to observe and report on a certain phenomenon.
Descriptive
Goal is to determine the nature of relationship between variables without looking into the cause
Correlational
Goal is to infer the causes of a phenomenon which has already occurred
Ex post Facto
Establishes cause-and-effect relationships between variables.
Experimental Research
Groups exposed to the presumed cause are compared with those who are not exposed to it.
Ex post Facto
There are six (6) Strengths of Quantitative Research. These include:
- Replicable
- Generalizable Data
- More Conclusive in establishing Causal Relationships
- Objective Data
- Faster Data Analysis using Statistical Software
- Typically Less Demanding / Resource-Intensive (VS Quali)
There are four (4) Weaknesses of Quantitative Research. These include:
- Limited Depth of the Full Complexity of Human Experiences
- Less Flexibility in Research Design
- Restricted Participant Responses
- Unreliability of Self-reported Data
