Quantitative Research

Question 1

Studies human behavior and mental processes by seeking causal relationships among variables, by gathering quantifiable data, and by performing statistical analyses.

Answer 1

Quantitative research

Question 2

In quantitative research, the method of selecting the sample is

Answer 2

dependent on the purpose and nature of the study.

Question 3

Participants are deliberately selected from a variety of levels (strata) or subgroups within the population.

Answer 3

Stratified sampling

Question 4

Sampling technique in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate in the study.

Answer 4

Random sampling

Question 5

Techniques for random sampling

Answer 5

Table of random numbers, lottery, and fish bowl.

Question 6

Is a non-probability sampling technique where participants are selected based on the convenience of the researcher.

Answer 6

Convenience sampling

Question 7

Participants are purposely selected based on particular characteristics.

Answer 7

Purposive sampling

Question 8

Quanti: Two main types of statistical analysis:

Answer 8

Descriptive and Inferential statistics

Question 9

used to describe the basic features of the data in a study.

Answer 9

Descriptive statistics

Question 10

What are the statistics that provide basic summaries about the sample and the variables?

Answer 10

Frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations

Question 11

Used to draw inferences or conclusions about associations between variables.

Answer 11

Inferential

Question 12

Used to measure the relationship between two variables.

Answer 12

Correlation

Question 13

A statistical technique that is so widely used in quantitative research.

Answer 13

Pearson Product Moment Correlation

Question 14

Statistical tests that can be used to analyze the differences among means.

Answer 14

T-TEST AND ANOVA (ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE)

Question 15

Is the way data is collected, organized, interpreted, and shown in order to find patterns and trends. It uses statistical methods to make sense of data, helping people make informed decisions and test hypotheses. This analysis can describe data or make predictions about a bigger group based on a smaller sample.

Answer 15

Statistical Analysis

Question 16

Used to describe the basic features of the data in a study. Such as frequencies, percentage, means, and standard deviations are used to provide basic summaries about the sample and the variable.
✧ Purpose: Summarizes and describes data.
✧ Scope: Focuses on the dataset at hand.
✧ Outcome: Provides insights into characteristics of the data.
✧ Example: Average tests scores of a class

Answer 16

Descriptive Statistics

Question 17

Used to draw inferences or conclusions about associations between variables. Employs statistical techniques to test hypotheses and estimate parameters, helping to generalize findings beyond the immediate data set.
✧ Purpose: Makes predictions or generalizations about a population.
✧ Scope: Extends findings to a larger population.
✧ Techniques Used: Hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, regression.
✧ Outcome: Offers conclusions about a population based on sample data.
✧ Example: Predicting future sales based on a sample’s data.

Answer 17

Inferential Statistics

Question 18

is used to measure the relationship between two variables. It reveals how closely two variables vary together and so how well one predicts the other.

Answer 18

Correlational Research

Question 19

is a statistical technique that is so widely used in quantitative research. The result of correlational analysis is a number called a correlation coefficient.

Answer 19

Pearson Product-Moment Correlation

Question 20

What does positive correlation mean?

Answer 20

When value of one variable increases, so will the second variable.

Question 21

What does negative correlation mean?

Answer 21

When value of one variable increases, the values of second variable decreases.

Question 22

What does 0 correlation mean?

Answer 22

There is no linear correlation.

Question 23

is used to compare the means between two groups. To determine if they are significantly different from each other or if a treatment has an effect.

Answer 23

T-test

Question 24

Use when comparing from the same group at different times or conditions (within-subjects design).

Answer 24

Paired t-test

Question 25

Use when comparing means from two different groups (between-subjects design).

Answer 25

Two-sample t-test (independent t-test)

Question 26

Use when comparing the mean of a single group to a known standard value.

Answer 26

One sample t-test

Question 27

used to compare the means among three or more groups.

Answer 27

ANOVA

Question 28

determines the statistical differences between the means of two or more independent (unrelated) groups.

Answer 28

one-way analysis ANOVA

Question 29

tests the effect of two independent variables on a dependent variable

Answer 29

two-way analysis ANOVA

Question 30

Extent to which the research study yields consistent result, such as by retesting (replication)

Answer 30

Reliability

Question 31

is conducted with different subjects in different situations, to see whether the findings generalize the other subjects and circumstances.

Answer 31

Retesting

Question 32

is used to measure a research method or design.

Answer 32

Validity

Question 33

Is a measure of how well the study is conducted. It refers to the meaningfulness and confidence in research results.

Answer 33

Internal Validity

Question 34

Is the degree to which the research results are applicable or can be generalized to other
situations or people.

Answer 34

External Validity