Introduction to Field Methods in Psychology

Question 1

What does “recherche” mean?

Answer 1

To go about seeking

Question 2

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defined it as a “studios inquiry or examination” aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories of laws.

Answer 2

Research

Question 3

(Author) Defines scientific research as a “systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of natural phenomena”

Answer 3

Fred N. Kerlinger

Question 4

Defines scientific research as a “an activity that aims to develop or contribute to knowledge that can be generalized ( including theories, principles, relationships), or any accumulation for information using scientific methods, observation, interference, and analysis”

Answer 4

The 2017 National Ethical Guidelines for Health and Health-Related Research

Question 5

Aims to solve specific areas, solving specific problems or developing practical applications.

Designed to address real-world issues and improve people’s lives. Unlike the other research, which aims to increase our understanding of fundamental principles, it seeks to find practical solutions to problems.

Answer 5

Applied Research

Question 6

☘ Has no immediate application to solve a specific problem.
☘ Driven by curiosity and the desire to expand knowledge, rather than by immediate practical applications.
☘ Seeks to increase our understanding of fundamental principles and theories.

Answer 6

Basic or Pure Research

Question 7

Allows researchers to create a body of knowledge that involves steps for ensuring that the information will be correct.

Answer 7

The Scientific Method

Question 8

Person

༄Describes the scientific process in research.
༄ The research process usually begins in formulating a research question or statement of the problem.
༄ In this process of formulating a research question or problem, the researcher tries to think about the cause-and-effect or the relationships among the factors involved in causing human behavior.

Answer 8

Spencer Rathus (2017)-Psychologist

Question 9

✧ A tentative answer or explanation to the problem.
✧ In the process of formulating it, the researcher gathers a set of interrelated ideas to account for the explanations. This idea constitutes a theory.

Answer 9

Hypothesis

Question 10

༄ Suggests that no statistical relationship and significance exists among a set of variables.

Answer 10

Null Hypothesis

Question 11

༄ Contrary to the null hypothesis. It is usually the expectation based on theory.

Answer 11

Alternative Hypothesis

Question 12

A Set of interconnected statements, such as hypothesis, assumptions, or predictions that help explain and understand human behavior.

Answer 12

Scientific Theory

Question 13

Enumeration

What is the scientific process?

Answer 13

Observe, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data Collection, Analysis, Conclusion, Communication

Question 14

Researchers observe a phenomenon or ask a question.

Answer 14

Observe

Question 15

Based on the observation, researchers formulate a specific research question.

Answer 15

Question

Question 16

Is a testable statement that proposes a possible answer to the research question.

Answer 16

Hypothesis

Question 17

Researchers design and conduct experiments to test their hypothesis.

Answer 17

Experiment

Question 18

They collect data from the
experiment.

Answer 18

Data Collection

Question 19

The data is analyzed to determine if it supports or refutes the hypothesis.

Answer 19

Analysis

Question 20

Based on the analysis, researchers draw it about their hypothesis.

Answer 20

Conclusion

Question 21

The results of the research are communicated to the scientific community through publications, presentations, or other means.

Answer 21

Communication

Question 22

Each method has its strengths and weaknesses. The choice of method must fit the problem of the study.

Answer 22

BASIC TYPES OF RESEARCH METHODS

Question 23

What Kind of Research?

༄ To describe a phenomenon and its characteristics .
༄ More concerned with what rather than how or why something has happened (Nassaji,2015.)
༄ Describe the present nature of situation and explore the causes of particular phenomena.

Answer 23

Descriptive Research

Question 24

༄Studies the relation between variables
༄Usually measured by calculating a correlation coefficient which expresses the strength and direction of a relation between two variables.

Answer 24

Correlational Study

Question 25

Values range between

Answer 25

-1.0 and 1.0.

Question 26

is commonly used in linear regression.

Answer 26

Pearson’s Correlation or Pearson’s R

Question 27

༄ Systematic way of manipulating the factors that the experimenter believes cause a particular behavior.

Answer 27

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

Question 28

The factor being manipulated is called the

Answer 28

independent variable

Question 29

The behavior being observed is called the

Answer 29

dependent variable.

Question 30

One group receives the (——)(such as a new drug) while the -(—— —–) receives nothing or a placebo treatment. The researchers then study what happens to people in each group.

Answer 30

intervention, control group

Question 31

Person

The approaches and methods used in field research vary across disciplines.

Answer 31

MYERS & HANSEN 2012

Question 32

includes a wide range of methods, such as observation, surveys, interviews, phenomenology, case study, secondary data analysis, archival research, content analysis, meta-analysis, experiments, computer simulation modeling, and neuroimaging.

Answer 32

Field Research

Question 33

The steps of the scientific method are:

Answer 33

developing research questions, formulating the hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, drawing conclusions and reporting results.