quantitative chapter 6, 8

Question 1

A variable is

Answer 1

Any entity that can take on a variety of different values

Question 2

attributes reflect these of a variable

Answer 2

specific categories

Question 3

a positive relationship between two variables exists when

Answer 3

one affects the other, or negatively affects the other

Question 4

a negative relationship exists when

Answer 4

when the result is not consistent - negative to positive

Question 5

what kind of relationship do we need for a dependent-intdependent variable thing?

Answer 5

does X influence Y?

Question 6

intervening variables do this

Answer 6

show whether there is a change or not in the effect that the independent variable has on the dependent variable: self esteem in looking at teacher’s effects on kids

Question 7

antecedent variable

Answer 7

context variables

Question 8

Likert scales are these type of variables

Answer 8

interval variables

Question 9

you cannot calculate the mean in a document if it

Answer 9

outliers - has values that are not consistent with the rest

Question 10

to find the median of even number of scores,

Answer 10

find the mean of those two scores

Question 11

with extreme scores, this measure of central tendency is used

Answer 11

median

Question 12

mode is the most occuring

Answer 12

variable

Question 13

multimodal

Answer 13

where there are more than two modes

Question 14

the mode is used when you want to describe

Answer 14

what the most popular thing is

Question 15

with a positively skewed curve, the tail is longer on the

Answer 15

right side of distribution

Question 16

with an negatively skewed curve has a long tail on the

Answer 16

left side of distribution

Question 17

6 - variables allow the researcher the understand two basic phenomena:

Answer 17

relationships and differecnes

Question 18

6 - there are two differences that can be oberved, and this is what they do:

Answer 18

differences of kind and degree. Kind is when football players play football and cheerleaders cheer, and degree is when you’re examining the same thing in two variables

Question 19

6 - what does the absolute zero mean in ratio variables?

Answer 19

represents the absence of the characteristic: exam scores, temperature, and speed

Question 20

6 - what are the two tests associated with interval and ratio variables?

Answer 20

ANOVA and t test

Question 21

descriptive statistics are used to

Answer 21

organize and summarize information or data: percentage of classroom males compared to females

Question 22

inferential statistics

Answer 22

infer and predict, using a smaller group of data to a larger group, such as the population: two grades’ levels of competence are measured and compared to infer a prediction

Question 23

kurtosis is when:

Answer 23

0: a peak in the middle-scores all go to the center - -5 or whatever means that there is a minimal peak

Question 24

the range of a score is when you subtract

Answer 24

the highest from the lowest score