quality management Flashcards
two strands of quality management
control
- checking what you have already done meets required quality
- inspection related
- deals with quality failure after the even
assurance
- takings steps to avoid failure of quality before it happens
- preventions related
- cheaper to GIRFT
what the philosophy of total quality management
TQM takes the view that is it better, cheaper and commercially preferably to get it right the first time
what are some key concepts within TQM
- involves continuous improvement
- involves all employees
- quality management, especially assurance, happens continuously at all stages of production and delivery BUT it is vernally more effective when it takes place at the design stage
what are category’s of cost of quality report
prevention costs, appraisal costs, internal failure costs, external failure costs.
what are the key indicators on the cost of quality report
the proportions of the costs of quality in the prevention and appraisal categories - should increase over time
the proportions of the costs of quality in the internal and external categories - should fall over time
total cost as a percentage of sales, should begin to fall
what is environmental management accounting
generation and analysis of financial and Nono financial information to support environmental management processes within organisation
definition of impact and dependencies
impact - how an organisation positively or negatively affects environmental, societal and governance issues
dependancies = how current and potential environmental, social and governance issues can affect the organisations ability to create and maintain value
benefits of understanding environmental costs
better able to control and/or reduce environmental costs if managers are aware of them
compliance with increasing worldwide regulation more manageable
good corporate citizen
improved brand image
increased visibility of cost of products and actives
whats the difference between externalised and internalised cost
externalised are negative effects felt by society as a whole
internalised are impacts contained within the organisation
what is traditional supply push thinking and why is inventory allowed to build up
push is triggered by what the supplier can supply
inventory is allowed to build up because
- idle time seen as detrimental and wasteful
- lack of flexibility of production processes
what is demand pull
demand triggered by customers and “back flushed”
what is the just in time approach
production: nothing is made unless there is a customer order for it
purchasing: nothing is bought unless it is ready to be used in production
what are implications of JIT
- quality and reliability become critical
- flexible workers
- rather than sequential processes, a system of cellular manufacturing may be more appropriate which requires flexible workforce
- 24 hour process
what are goldratts 5
