Qualitative studies Flashcards
5 main types of qualitative research
- phenomenology
- ethnography
- grounded theory
- case study
- participant action research
Phenomenology
-helps define phenomena around us that are not characterised clearly
Ethnography
- descriptive study of cultures and people who have something in common
- Emic perspective- refers to perspective of an individual from a specific cultural group about his own group
- Etic perspective- refers to the perspective of an individual outside a specific cultural group about the studied group
Grounded theory
-formally acknowledges and describes an experience
-shows if theories are’grounded’ with evidence
=categories are tested by collecting data on the basis of new categories made-theoretical sampling
Case study
- case can be a person organisation or institution
- some research studies describe a series of cases
Participant action research
-involves individuals and groups researching their own personal beings, socio-cultural settings and experiences
Data collection methods in qualitative research
- interviews
- observation
- document analysis
Interviews
- can be structured, unstructured or semi-structured
- or can be a focus group
Observation
-field notes used
Coding
- transforming raw data into a standard formal to enable analysis
- involves identifying recurrent words, concepts or themes
Content analysis
manifest level- what was actually said
latent level- what was meant
Conversation analysis
-combined audio and visual recordings are used to study interactional practices in particular settings
Discourse analysis
-centres on the interpretation of social discourse in the context of the occurrence via analysis of persona accounts or written autobiographical documents
Triangulation
-compares the results from either two or more methods of data collection or data sources
Respondent validation
-investigator’s account is compared to those of the research subjects to establish the level of correspondence between the two sets
Reflexivity
-means sensitivity to the ways in which the researcher and the research process have shaped the collected data, including the role of prior assumptions and experience, which can influence the results
Deviant case analysis
- refers to paying attention to, searching for and discussing elements in the data that contradict or seem to contradict the emerging explanation of the phenomena under study
