Q2 Quarterly review Flashcards
In simple terms, how does photosynthesis work?
The plant takes in light energy to make food. (Sugar)
Where does photosynthesis occur?
In the chloroplasts.
What in a chloroplast absorbs sunlight?
Chlorophyll
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
CO2, Water, Sunlight
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen, Glucose
What is the formula for glucose?
C₆H₁₂O₆
Why are plants typically green?
Green light is reflected and blue, red and white light is absorbed
What does the Law of Conservation of Mass say?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed.
What is glucose converted into during cellular respiration?
ATP
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —-> ATP + 6CO2 + H2O
What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
Where does glycolysis take place, what does it do, and what is the result?
Takes place in the cytoplasm, breaks down glucose into 2 pieces which moves to the Krebs cycle, and results into 2 ATP, electrons and broken down glucose.
Where does the Krebs Cycle take place, what does it do, and what is the result?
Takes place in the mitochondria, The rest of the glucose is broken down and electrons go to the Electron Transport Chain, and the result is 2 ATP, electrons and CO2.
Where does the Electron Transport Chain take place, what does it do, and what is the result?
Takes place in the mitochondria, energy is transferred to a chain of proteins in the inner membranes of the mitochondria, and the result is 32-34 ATP and H2O.
In simple terms, what is the Carbon Cycle?
The movement of carbon from one area to another.
What are some examples of how carbon is found in the atmosphere?
Nature can put carbon in the atmosphere through diffusion from the ocean floor and volcanic activity. Humans can put carbon into the atmosphere through deforestation, burning wood, and burning fossil fuels.
How is carbon found in the lithosphere?
Carbon is in the form of carbonate rocks in the lithosphere.
How is carbon found in the biosphere?
Carbon is found and stored in plants and in trees. That carbon is used for the building blocks of photosynthesis.
How is carbon found in the hydrosphere?
Carbon is found dissolved in bodies of water such as oceans or lakes. It can be used to produce shells and photosynthesis for marine plants.
What is the biggest absorber of CO2?
The ocean
What is the 10% rule?
As you move up the pyramid, 10% of the energy is obtained from each level.
What is parasitism and one example?
One benefits and the other is harmed. An Examples include tapeworms or ticks.
What is mutualism and 1 example?
Both organisms benefit. For example, shrimps and crabs live and capture food within the tentacles of a giant anemone.
What is commensalism and 1 example?
One benefits and the other has no effect. An example would be the pearl fish live in sea cucumbers intestines for shelter, but the sea cucumber itself is not affected.
What are the advantages of group behavior?
It is harder for predators to hunt a single animal in a group.
What are the disadvantages of group behavior?
There can be increased competition for mating or food.
What are the disadvantages of a swarm, flock, a school, or herd?
Disease can spread faster in a group.
What is migration and why do organisms migrate?
Migration is moving from one place to another for things like seasonal changes. Some animals may migrate for things such as breeding.
What are factors that can limit the number of plants/trees in an area?
Not enough room for things like growing roots, plants blocking sunlight for other plants, not enough water, etc.
What are the factors that limit the number of animals in an area?
Not enough food, water and/or space.
