Q1W5 - Minerals Flashcards
6 major minerals:
calcium
magnesium
sodium
chloride and sulfur
potassium
phosphorus
needed to thicken blood
calcium (Ca)
maintains normal blood pressure
and is essential for muscle contraction and therefore for the heartbeat
calcium (Ca)
allows the secretion of hormones, digestive enzymes, and neurotransmitters
calcium (Ca)
essential role in blood clotting
calcium (Ca)
1% of the body’s calcium is in the?
blood
99% of the body’s calcium is in the?
bones and teeth
Drinking too much Yakult will raise the ________ in your body.
calcium
For calcium balance, blood calcium is regulated by ________sensitive to blood calcium.
hormones
made by thyroid glands, is released during increased blood calcium
calcitonin
stimulates bone calcium re-absorption
calcitonin
made by parathyroid glands, is released during times of decreasing blood calcium
parathormone
Hypocalcemia (low body calcium) symptoms:
anemic
uneven teeth
low blood pressure
etc.
bone disease due to lack of calcium at the age of 18
osteoporosis
bones won’t grow
osteoporosis
essential in calcium absorption
vitamin D
85% is combined with calcium crystals of the bones and teeth
phosphorus (P)
helps maintain the acid-base balance of cellular fluids
phosphorus (P)
key to burn the fats in our body
phosphorus (P)
essential for the growth and renewal of tissues
phosphorus (P)
carries, stores, and releases energy
phosphorus (P)
found in RNA and DNA structures
phosphorus (P)
main source is meat
phosphorus (P)
1 oz is present in the body of 130 lbs person and 1% in the body fluid
magnesium (Mg)
works with calcium in contracting and relaxing muscles
magnesium (Mg)
readily available in given leafy vegetables but easily damaged from food during processing
magnesium (Mg)
Which organ acts to conserve magnesium?
kidneys
1 cup of water with sugar and salt is a healthy alternative for?
energy drink
Low levels of _________ can cause _______ ______ of the heart causing heart attack and death.
magnesium
muscle spasms
can cause death from heart failure and kidney problems
magnesium toxicity
Which organ filters the toxins in the body?
kidney
may cause high blood pressure; not just fats
sodium (Na)
maintains acid balance
sodium (Na)
maintains the volume of fluid outside the cell
sodium (Na)
If blood sodium increases, the _______ mechanism is stimulated thus the person tries to drink water until the ______-to-_____ ratio is restored.
thirst
sodium
water
normal poop color
yellow and brown
If blood sodium drops, body water is ____ and both water and sodium must be replenished to avert an emergency.
lost
High intake of salt experience high rates of ____________ and ________ ___________.
hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage
Excess sodium in a diet causes?
increased calcium excretion
principal positively charged ion inside body cells
potassium (K)
major role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and cell integrity
potassium (K)
maintains normal heartbeat
potassium (K)
Dehydration, kwashiorkor, or people with eating disorders die due to?
heart failure caused by potassium loss
richest source of potassium
fresh fruits of all kinds
Potassium from foods is safe, but potassium ________ into the vein can stop the heart.
injected
major negative ion in the body
chloride (Cl)
essential to the acid-base balance and is part of the stomach’s hydrochloride, which is necessary for digestion
chloride (Cl)
major mineral, although it occurs only as part of other compounds such as proteins
sulfur (S)
2 trace minerals:
iodine
iron
part of thyroxine, the hormone responsible for regulating basal metabolic rate
iodine
must be available for thyroxine to synthesize
iodine
