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Solomon's Language Ω > Python Champions > Flashcards

Python Champions Flashcards

Mix of String methods, list methods, and common built in functions

1
Q

Adds an element to the end of the list

LIST METHOD

A

@ .append() - Adds an element to end of list

EXAMPLE:

-fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]
-fruits.append(“orange”)

@ output - [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’, ‘orange’]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

list.append(element - Required. An element of any type (string, number, object etc.))
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

EXAMPLE 2: @BETTER TO USE EXTEND TO COMBINE 2 LISTS CAUSE IT LOOK WEIRD

-a = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”]
-b = [“Ford”, “BMW”, “Volvo”]
-a.append(b)
-print(a)

@output - [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’, [‘Ford’, ‘BMW’, ‘Volvo’]] @WEIRD

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2
Q

Removes all elements from the list

LIST METHOD

A

@.clear() - Removes all elements of the list

-fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”]
-fruits.clear()

-print(fruits)

@output - []
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

list.clear()

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3
Q

Returns a copy of the list / Copies a list[assign it to a variable I guess]

LIST METHOD

A

@.copy() - Returns a copy of the list

original_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Create a copy of the original list using the copy() method
copied_list = original_list.copy()

Modify the copied list
copied_list.append(6)

Print both lists to demonstrate the copy
print(“Original list:”, original_list)
print(“Copied list:”, copied_list)

@output -
Original list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Copied list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

list.copy()

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4
Q

This method returns the number of elements with the specified value / the number u typed in

LIST METHOD

A

@.count() - Returns the number of elements there are that you typed in

fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”]

x = fruits.count(“cherry”)

print(x)

@output - 1 (cherry only showed up once)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

list.count(value - list, tuple, int, string etc…)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

if example.count() > 0

or

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 5, 6, 3, 7]

value_to_count = 3
count = numbers.count(value_to_count)

threshold = 2
if count > threshold:
print(f”{value_to_count} appears more than {threshold} times in the list.”)
else:
print(f”{value_to_count} appears {count} times in the list, which is not more than {threshold}.”)

@output - 3 appears more than 2 times in the list.

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5
Q

Adds a iterable[list, tuple, set] to the end of another list

LIST METHOD

A

@.extend - Adds a iterable[list, tuple, set] to the end of another list

fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]

cars = [‘Ford’, ‘BMW’, ‘Volvo’]

fruits.extend(cars)

@output - [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’, ‘Ford’, ‘BMW’, ‘Volvo’]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
list.extend(iterable)

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6
Q

Returns the index number of the first occurrence of the specified value

LIST METHOD

A

@.index() - Returns the index number of the first occurence of the specified value

fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’, ‘mango’, ‘cherry’]

x = fruits.index(“cherry”)

@output - 2 (cherry is at index 2)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

list.index(Element - String, Int, list)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”, “date”, “elderberry”]

fruit_to_find = “grape”

if fruit_to_find in fruits:
position = fruits.index(fruit_to_find)
print(f”The position of {fruit_to_find} in the list is {position}.”)
else:
print(f”{fruit_to_find} is not in the list.”)

@output - Grape is not in the list

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7
Q

Adds an element at the specified position

LIST METHOD

A

A
@.insert() - Adds an element at the specified position

fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]

fruits.insert(1, “orange”) @1 is the position, orange is what I want to insert in the list

print(fruits)

@output - [‘apple’, ‘orange’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

list.insert(POSITION, ELEMENT)

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8
Q

Removes the element at the specified position

LIST METHOD

A

@.pop - removes the element at the specified position

fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]

fruits.pop(1) @It pops banana and puts it in the pop method so if u just did print(fruits.pop(1)) it will return as banana since its in pop

print(fruits)

@output - [‘apple’, ‘cherry’]

@print(fruits.pop(1)) = just banana instead of apple, cherry
@[GOTTA DO THE POP IN DIFFERENT VARIABLE THEN PRINT THAT VARIABLE IF U WANT TO REMOVE]

[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

SYNTAX

list.pop(position - optional, can choose position to pop if left alone it will pop last one, CAN ALSO DO NEGATIVE NUMBERS LIKE -1 WHICH IS LAST ALSO, or -2 WHICH IS SECOND TO LAST)

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9
Q

This method gets rid of the first occurrence of the element with the specified value.

LIST METHOD

A

@.remove() - Removes the item with the specified value, first occurence

fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]

fruits.remove(“banana”)

print(fruits)

@output - [‘apple’, ‘cherry’]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

SYNTAX

list.remove(element - string, number, list)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”, “date”, “elderberry”]

fruit_to_remove = input(“Insert fruit: “)

if fruit_to_remove in fruits:
fruits.remove(fruit_to_remove)
print(f”{fruit_to_remove} was removed from the list.”)
else:
print(f”{fruit_to_remove} is not in the list.”)

print(“Updated list:”, fruits)

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10
Q

Reverses the order of the list

LIST METHOD

A

@.reverse() - Reverses the order of the list

fruits = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’]

fruits.reverse()

print(fruits)

@output - [‘cherry’, ‘banana’, ‘apple’]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

SYNTAX

list.reverse() @no parameters

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11
Q

Organizes the list, can choose criteria[alphabetically, from descending, ascending etc..]

LIST METHOD

A

@.sort() - Sorts the list, can choose criteria[alphabetically from descending, ascending etc..]

cars = [‘Ford’, ‘BMW’, ‘Volvo’]

cars.sort()

print(cars)

@output - [‘BMW’, ‘Ford’, ‘Volvo’] (sorted from alphabetically so BMW went first cause B)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

SYNTAX

list.sort(reverse=True|False, key=myFunc)

reverse=True will sort the list descending. The Default is reverse=False which is ascending.
@key = myFunc means u can put ur function in to choose criteria
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

@EXTRA

cars = [‘Ford’, ‘BMW’, ‘Volvo’]

cars.sort(reverse=True)

@output - Volvo, BMW, Ford - Sorts the list from descending
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

@EXTRA

A function that returns the length of the value:
def myFunc(e):
return len(e)

cars = [‘Ford’, ‘Mitsubishi’, ‘BMW’, ‘VW’]

cars.sort(key=myFunc)

print(cars)

@output - [‘VW’, ‘BMW’, ‘Ford’, ‘Mitsubishi’] (Sorted from least amount of length to most)

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12
Q

List Trick #1 [Change an index to whatever string u want, print whats at a certain index]

A

fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”]

print(fruits[1])
PRINTS BANANA

fruits = [“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”]
fruits[0] = “kiwi”

@CHANGES APPLE TO KIWI

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13
Q

not in[for loop example]

A

old_list = [‘k’,’l’,’k’,’m’,’m’,’n’,’o’]

new_list = []
for each_element in old_list:
if each_element not in new_list:
new_list.append(element)

print(new_list)

@output - [‘k’, ‘l’, ‘m’, ‘o’]
NO DUPLICATES

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14
Q

not in [while loop example]

A

exit_command = “quit”

@Initialize a variable for user input
user_input = “”

@Create a while loop that continues until the user enters the exit command

while user_input not in [exit_command, “exit”]:
user_input = input(“Enter a command (type ‘quit’ or ‘exit’ to exit): “)
print(“You entered:”, user_input)

print(“Exited the loop.”)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
We use a while loop with the condition user_input not in [exit_command, “exit”]. This loop will continue as long as the user’s input is not equal to “quit” or “exit.”

Inside the loop, the user is prompted to enter a command, and their input is stored in the user_input variable. The loop continues until the user enters “quit” or “exit.”

When the user enters “quit” or “exit,” the loop exits, and “Exited the loop” is printed.

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15
Q

List trick 2: the elements of s[i:j:k] are replaced by those of t

A

s[i:j:k] = t

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16
Q

Removes the elements of s[i:j:k]

LIST TRICK

A

del s[i:j:k]

or

foods = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘carrot’,’chicken’, ‘turkey’, ‘ramen’]

foods[1:3] = ‘ ‘ @replace with space

print(foods)

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17
Q

slice a list from one element to another replaced by what you want or deleted.

A

foods = [‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘carrot’,’chicken’, ‘turkey’, ‘ramen’]

foods[1:3] = ‘ ‘ @Do index numbers of the elements u wanna delete/replace IM DELETING IN THIS CASE BY REPLACING WITH SPACE

print(foods)

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18
Q

Returns the whole thing to uppercase

STRING METHOD

A

@.upper() - Returns the whole thing to uppercase

txt = “Hello my friends”

x = txt.upper()

print(x)

@output - HELLO MY FRIENDS
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
no parameters

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19
Q

Return true if all characters are uppercase

STRING METHOD

A

@.isupper() - Return true if all characters are uppercase

txt = “THIS IS NoW!”

x = txt.isupper()

print(x) o print(txt.isupper())

@output - False (Not every character is uppercase, o)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
No Parameters
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

text = “HELLO”

if text.isupper():
print(“All characters in the text are uppercase.”)
else:
print(“Not all characters in the text are uppercase.”)

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20
Q

Return true if all characters are lowercase

STRING METHOD

A

@.islower() - Return true if all characters are lowercase

a = “Hello world!”
b = “hello 123”
c = “mynameisPeter”

print(a.islower())
print(b.islower())
print(c.islower())
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
no parameters

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21
Q

Returns the whole thing / string to lowercase

STRING METHOD

A

@.lower() - Returns the whole thing to lowercase

txt = “Hello My FRIENDS”

x = txt.lower()

print(x)

@output - hello my friends
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
no parameters

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22
Q

Returns the whole string to lowercase AS WELL AS special characters from different languages like (ß, which is German)

STRING METHOD

A

@.casefold() - Returns string to lowercase as well as language characters

text = “Stra$ße” @ The German word for “street” with a special character

lower_text = text.lower()

casefolded_text = text.casefold()

print(“Original Text:”, text)
print(“Lowercase Text:”, lower_text)
print(“Casefolded Text:”, casefolded_text)

@output -

Original Text: Straße
Lowercase Text: straße
Casefolded Text: strasse
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
no parameters

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23
Q

Capitalizes the first letter of the string

STRING METHOD

A

@.capitalize() - Capitalizes the first letter

txt = “gojo”

x = txt.capitalize()

print (x)

@output - Gojo
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
NO PARAMETERS

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24
Q

Searches the string for a specified value and returns the first position of where it was found, could also do a range find (from _ to _)

STRING METHOD

A

@.find() - Tells the first time it is shown as index number

@RETURNS -1 IF VALUE NOT FOUND

@Can do a Range find where you can start and end the search wherever you want [x = txt.find(“e”, 5, 10)]

txt = “Hello, welcome to my world.”

x = txt.find(“e”)

print(x)

@output - 1, because the first e is shown at index 1
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.find(value, start, end)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
text = “Hello, World!”

substring = “World”

find outputs a -1 if the value isnt in the string, so we set it so that if its not equal to -1 we print that it is found and if it returns as -1 then it is not found since if it returns as -1 it really is not there

if text.find(substring) != -1 :
print(f”‘{substring}’ is found in the text.”)
else:
print(f”‘{substring}’ is not found in the text.”)

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25
Q

Searches the string for a specified value and returns the last occurrence / index of where it was found

STRING METHOD

A

@.rfind() - Tells / Returns the last time it was shown, shows the index(rfind = reversefind)

txt = “Mi casa, su casa.”

x = txt.rfind(“casa”)

print(x)

@output - 12
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.rfind(value, start, end)

26
Q

This method finds the first occurrence / index number of the specified value and returns an ERROR if the value is not found.

STRING METHOD

A

@.index() - The index() method finds the first occurrence of the specified value and returns an ERROR[not a -1] if the value is not found.

txt = “Hello, welcome to my world.”

x = txt.index(“e”)

print(x)

@output - 1
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.index(value, start, end)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
txt = “Hello, welcome to my world.”

print(txt.find(“q”))
print(txt.index(“q”))

@output -

-1
ERROR / EXCEPTION

27
Q

This method finds the last occurrence of the specified value and returns an ERROR[not a -1] if the value is not found.

STRING METHOD

A

@.rindex() - The rindex() method finds he last occurrence of the specified value and returns an ERROR[not a -1] if the value is not found.
txt = “Mi casa, su casa.”

x = txt.rindex(“casa”)

print(x)

@output - 12
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.index(value, start, end)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
txt = “I’m kool and this a really kool world!”

x = txt.rindex(“kool”, 3, 36) @RANGE TYPE SHI….

print(x)

@output - 27

28
Q

Replaces placeholders with a value of your choosing

STRING METHOD

A

@.format() - Replaces placeholders with value of your choosing

name = “Alice”
age = 30

greeting = “Hello, my name is {} and I am {} years old.”.format(name, age)

print(greeting)

@output - Hello, my name is Alice and I am 30 years old.
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.format(value1, value2…)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
txt1 = “My name is {fname}, I’m {age}”.format(fname = “John”, age = 36)

txt2 = “My name is {0}, I’m {1}”.format(“John”,36)

txt3 = “My name is {}, I’m {}”.format(“John”,36)

29
Q

Turns each word into a list item

STRING METHOD: STRING —> LIST

A

@.split() - Turns each word into a list item

txt = “welcome to the jungle”

x = txt.split()

print(x)

@output - [‘welcome’, ‘to’, ‘the’, ‘jungle’]

SYNTAX

string.split(separator, maxsplit)

You can specify the separator, default separator is any whitespace.

When maxsplit is specified, the list will contain the specified number of elements plus one
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
txt = “apple&banana&cherry&orange”

setting the maxsplit parameter to 1, will return a list with 2 elements!

x = txt.split(“&”, 1)

print(x)

@output -
[‘apple’, ‘banana&cherry&orange’]

@Used hashtag as seperators in a list,

30
Q

Turns all items in an iterable(Tuple, Dictionary, Set) into a string using a character u choose as a separator

STRING METHOD

A

@.join() - Turns all items in an iterable(Tuple, Dictionary, Set) into a string using a character u choose as a separator:

myTuple = (“John”, “Peter”, “Vicky”)

x = “&”.join(myTuple)

print(x)

@output - John&Peter&Vicky (Seperated with hashtags but you could just do a space or anything else)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.join(iterable)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
myDict = {“name”: “John”, “country”: “Norway”}
mySeparator = “TEST”

x = mySeparator.join(myDict)

print(x)

@output - nameTESTcountry

@for dictionaries it only outputs the keys not the values(name, country) not (John Norway)

31
Q

This method removes any leading(beginning), and trailing(end) whitespaces.

STRING METHOD

A

@.strip() - The strip() method removes any leading(beginning), and trailing(end) whitespaces.
@You can specify which character(s) to remove, if not, any whitespaces will be removed.

txt = “ banana “

x = txt.strip()

print(“of all fruits”, x, “is my favorite”)

output - of all fruits banana is my favorite (I left paramater open but if u put a character in there it will remove it from the beginning and end)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.strip(characters)

32
Q

Returns True or False if every character is a digit

STRING METHOD

A

@.isdigit() - Returns True or False if every character is a digit

txt = “50800”

x = txt.isdigit()

print(x)

@output - True (Because all of the characters in txt are digits)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
no parameters

user_input = input(“Enter a string: “)

if user_input.isdigit():
print(“The input consists of only digits.”)
else:
print(“The input contains non-digit characters.”)

33
Q

Returns True if all characters in string are letters(Spaces are included as characters)

STRING METHOD

A

+.isalpha() - Returns True if all characters in string are letters(Spaces are included as characters)

+output - False (Because there is a space)

txt = “The Owner”

x = txt.isalpha()

print(x)

34
Q

Returns the number of times it appears in the string

STRING METHOD

A

@.count() - Returns number of times it appears in the string

txt = “I love apples, apple are my favorite fruit”

x = txt.count(“apple”)

print(x)

@output - 2
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX -

string.count(value, start, end)
@ITS A RANGE U CAN CHOOSE FROM

35
Q

This method returns True if the string begins with the specified value, otherwise False.

STRING METHOD

A

@.startswith() method returns True if the string starts with the specified value, otherwise False.

txt = “Hello, welcome to my world.”

x = txt.startswith(“Hello”)

print(x)

@output - True
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

SYNTAX

string.startswith(value, start, end)

[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

txt = “Hello, welcome to my world.”

x = txt.startswith(“wel”, 7, 20)

print(x)

@output - True

36
Q

Returns true if the string ends with what u type

STRING METHOD

A

@.endswith() - Returns true if it end with what u type

txt = “My World”

x = txt.endswith(“d”)

print(x)

@output - True, because it ends in a d
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.endswith(value, start, end)

37
Q

Replace a word you choose from the string with a word you want(Can even replace something with spaces)

STRING METHOD

A

@.replace() - Replace a word you choose from the string with a word you want(Can even replace something with spaces)

txt = “I like bananas”

x = txt.replace(“bananas”, “apples”)

print(x)

@output - I like apples
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

string.replace(oldvalue, newvalue, count)

@count - Optional. A number specifying how many occurrences of the old value you want to replace. Default is all occurrences

txt = “one one was a race horse, two two was one too.”

x = txt.replace(“one”, “three”, 2)

print(x)

@output - three three was a race horse, two two was ONE too.”

38
Q

Decimal Position Trick #1 [Used with the ______ method]

[:.NUMBERf]

A

[:.NUMBERf]

value = 3.14159265
formatted_value = “[:.2f]”.format(value)
print(formatted_value)

@output - 3.14

2 floating decimal places away

39
Q

Length of characters

A

@len() - Length of characters - Function

name = input(“Enter your full name: “)

result = len(name)

print(result) or print(len(name))

len(object) - SYNTAX

40
Q

Swaps all the characters {from lowercase to upper and vice versa}

A

@swapcase() - Swap upper and lower case characters from a string

txt = “Hello My Name Is PETER”

x = txt.swapcase()

print(x)

@output - hELLO mY nAME iS peter

41
Q

Returns the absolute value of an integer

A

@abs()

x = abs(-7.25)
print(x)

@output - 7.25
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

abs(number)

42
Q

This function returns True if [ALL] items in an iterable are true, otherwise it returns False.

*Also returns True if iterable is empty

A

@all()

mylist = [True, True, True]
x = all(mylist)
print(x)

@output - True
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

all(iterable - list, tuple, dict)

43
Q

This function returns True if [ANY] items in an iterable are true, otherwise it returns False.

A

@any()

mylist = [False, True, False]
x = any(mylist)
print(x)

@output - True
@Becuase one of the items in the list is True therefore it comes out as True
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

any(iterable - list, tuple, dict)

44
Q

Returns the boolean value of specified object, will usually return True unless empty, 0, or False

A

@bool()

x = bool(1)
@output - True
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

bool(object - String, Number, List)

45
Q

Creates a dictionary, you are able to set the variables and stuff

A

@dict()

x = dict(name = “John”, age = 36, country = “Norway”)

print(x)

@output - {‘name’: ‘John’, ‘age’: 36, ‘country’: ‘Norway’}
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

dict(key = value, key value, etc…)

46
Q

Takes a collection(list, tuple, dict) and returns the index number of each element in the collection.

A

@enumerate()

x = (‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’)
y = enumerate(x)

print(list(y))

@output - [(0, ‘apple’), (1, ‘banana’), (2, ‘cherry’)]
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

enumerate(iterable, start)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

@EXTRA

x = (‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’)
y = enumerate(x, start = 1) @Starts index at 1

print(list(y))

@output - [(1, ‘apple’), (2, ‘banana’), (3, ‘cherry’)]

47
Q

Converts the specified number into a hexadecimal value.

A

@hex()

x = hex(255)
print(x)

@output - 0xff

Syntax - hex(number)

48
Q

Returns the hash value of the specified object

A

@hash()

hash(42)

@output - UNKNOWN

49
Q

Allows for user input

A

@input()

x = input(‘Enter your name: ‘)
print(f’Hello {x}!’)

@output - Hello ________ = input

50
Q

Returns the item with the lowest value

A

@min()

example_list = [1,2,3,4,5]

y = min(example_list)

x = min(5, 10)

print(y)

print(x)

@output -
1
5
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

min(n1, n2, n3, …)

or

min(iterable)

51
Q

Returns the item with the highest value

A

@max()

example_list = [1,2,3,4,5]

y = max(example_list)

x = max(5, 10)

print(y)

print(x)

@output -
5
10
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

max(n1, n2, n3, …)

or

max(iterable)

52
Q

Opens a file

A

@open()

f = open(“demofile.txt”, “r”)

print(f.read())

@output - Welcome User! @The demofile.txt contains this message
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

open(file, mode)

@modes - r[read], w[write], a[append], x[create]

53
Q

This function returns a sequence of numbers, starting from 0 by default, and increments by 1 (by default), and stops before a specified number.

A

@range()

x = range(6)
for n in x:
print(n)

@output -
0
1
2
3
4
5
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

range(start, stop, step)
@Step - increments of ___

54
Q

Returns a reversed iterable

A

@reversed()

alph = [“a”, “b”, “c”, “d”]

ralph = reversed(alph)

for x in ralph:
print(x, end=’ ‘)

@output - d c b a
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

reversed(sequence)

55
Q

Returns a rounded decimal / floating point

A

@round()

x = round(5.76543, 2) @2 = 2 digits from decimal

print(x)

@output - 5.77
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

round(number, digits [optional] )
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

x = round(5.5)
y = round(5)
print(x)
print(y)

@output -
6
5

56
Q

Creates a set object [items are unordered]

A

@set()

x = set((“apple”, “banana”, “cherry”))

print(x)

@output - {‘cherry’, ‘banana’, ‘apple’}
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

set(iterable)

57
Q

Returns a portion of an object, you can choose what portion

A

@slice()

a = (“a”, “b”, “c”, “d”, “e”, “f”, “g”, “h”)

x = slice(3)

print(a[x])

@output - (‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’)
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

slice(start, stop, step) @step = increments
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

subset = my_list[2:7]

print(“Subset using slice:”, subset)

[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

EXTRA

my_list = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]

my_slice = slice(1, 3)

subset = my_list[my_slice]

print(“Subset using slice object:”, subset)

58
Q

Returns a tuple object

A

@tuple()

x = [“Alice”, “Bob”, “Charlie”]

names = tuple(x)

@ouput - (‘Alice’, ‘Bob’, ‘Charlie’)

59
Q

Sums the items of an iterable

A

@sum()

a = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
x = sum(a)
print(x)

@output - 15

[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
SYNTAX

sum(iterable, extra) @extra number to add
[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]
EXTRA

a = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
x = sum(a, 7)
print(x)

@output - 22 @ 7 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5

60
Q

Returns the type of an object

A

@type()

a = (‘apple’, ‘banana’, ‘cherry’)
b = “Hello World”
c = 33

x = type(a)
y = type(b)
z = type(c)

@output -

<class ‘tuple’>
<class ‘str’>
<class ‘int’>

Solomon's Language Ω (22 decks)

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