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Psych Final > Pysch Chapter Five > Flashcards

Pysch Chapter Five Flashcards

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1
Q

dendrites

A

receptors on dendrites that receive signals from other neurons

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2
Q

cell body

A

integrates info from all of a neurons dendrites

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3
Q

axon

A

carries nerve impuse away from the cell body to terminal buttons

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4
Q

myelin sheath

A

fatty insulation on axon that helps action potential move down axon

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5
Q

terminal buttons

A

ends of axon where neurotransmitters are housed

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6
Q

synapse

A

space neurotransmitters travel across to reach dendrites of the next neuron

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7
Q

action potential

A

an electrical charge that conducts down the axon

1) depolarization
2) threshold of excitation
3) peak action potential
4) repolarization
5) hyperpolarization

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8
Q

depolarization

A

sodium (Na+) rushes in

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9
Q

repolarization

A

potassium (K+) rushes out

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10
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

Serotonin:

A

:mood, dreams (weird)

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11
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

acetylcholine

A

muscle contraction, learning and memory

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12
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

norepinephrine

A

fight or flight, circadian rhythms

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13
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

dopamine

A

reward and pleasure

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14
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

beta-endorphins

A

inhibits pain receptors

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15
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

GABA

A

major inhibitor, aids in sleep

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16
Q

7 types of neurotransmitters

glutamate

A

most common excitatory, memory

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17
Q

nervous system is made up of what two parts?

A

central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

18
Q

central nervous system has two subcategories, what are they?

A

brain and spinal cord

19
Q

peripheral nervous system has two subcategories, what are they?

A

automatic and somatic

20
Q

automatic has two part, what are they?

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

21
Q

4 lobes of the brain

frontal lobe:

A

cognition and contains the prefrontal cortex (executive functions), motor cortex (plan and execute movement) and broca’s area (language production on left-side)

22
Q

4 lobes of the brain

parietal lobe:

A

top of brain after the frontal lobe concerned with somatic sensation (touch) and spacial awareness

23
Q

4 lobes of the brain

temporal lobe:

A

side brain containing the auditory cortex and Wernicke’s area (language comprehension)

24
Q

4 lobes of the brain

occipital lobe:

A

back of brain containing the visual cortex

25
Q

parts of limbic system and functions

hypoythalamus

A

homeostasis, 4 F’s

26
Q

parts of limbic system and functions

hippocampus

A

memory and learning formation (spatial memory and explicit memory)

27
Q

parts of limbic system and functions

amygdala

A

emotion/fear

28
Q

parts of limbic system and functions

basal ganglia

A

movement facilitation and reward

29
Q

parts of limbic system and functions

thalamus

A

sensory gateway/relay center (minus smell)

30
Q

three midbrain structures

reticular formation

A

regulates sleep wake cycle and arousal

31
Q

three midbrain structures

ventral tegmental area (VTA)

A

dopamine heavy region involved in reward and addiction

32
Q

three midbrain structures

substantial nigra

A

dopamine heavy region involved in the production of movement (parkinson’s-related region)

33
Q

three hindbrain structures

medulla

A

controls automatic and involuntary processes

34
Q

three hindbrain structures

pons

A

connects the brain and spinal cord while also regulating brain acidity during sleep

35
Q

three hindbrain structures

cerebellum

A

coordination of movement and balance as well as procedural memory

36
Q

5 brain imaging techniques

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

produces very high quality images

37
Q

5 brain imaging techniques

functional MRI (fMRI)

A

measures change in blood oxygen levels

38
Q

5 brain imaging techniques

computed tomography (CT)

A

scans can reveal gross changes in the brain structure

39
Q

5 brain imaging techniques

positron emission tomography (PET)

A

assesses metabolic activity

40
Q

5 brain imaging techniques

electroencephalography (EEG)

A

measures electrical activity in the brain

Psych Final (10 decks)

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