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Cardiology > PVD & DVT > Flashcards

PVD & DVT Flashcards

1
Q

Gold standard for DVT

A

Contrast venography

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2
Q

Other tests for DVT

A

Duplex with doppler

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3
Q

Prevention of DVT

A 
Ambulation
Pressure stockings
Pneumatic compression
Heparin
Warfarin
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4
Q

Tx of DVT

A 
Heparin
Short term anticoag w/ hep
Long term w/ paraffin
IVC filters
Compression in surgical pt
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5
Q

Virchow’s Triad

A

Venous stasis
Hypercoaguable
Endothelial damage

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6
Q

What is a PE

A

embolization from venous system to lung through right ventricle

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7
Q

Presentation of PE

A 
Dyspnea
Pleuritic CP
Hemoptysis
Tachycardia & tachypnea
low o2
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8
Q

Gold standard for PE

A

Pulmonary angiography

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9
Q

Treatment of PE

A
  • Anticoagulant with heparin then warfarin
  • Thrombolytic in in unstable pt
  • Surgery to remove thrombus
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10
Q

What are 3 presentations of PE

A

Acute cor pulmonate
Pulmary infarction
Acute dyspnea

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11
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

Massive pulmonary embolism
Acute hypotension/cardiac arrest
Dyspnea, tachycardia, tachypnea
Can resemble MI or septic

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12
Q

Pulmonary infarction

A

Pleuritic CP
Rales or wheezes
Confused with pneumonia, pleuritic, or MI
XRAY: small effusion of infiltrates; elevated hemidiaphragm

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13
Q

Acute unexplained dyspnea

A

Sub massive embolism without infarction

Lungs clear, ECG/CXR wnl

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14
Q

Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease

A

Most important of PVD
Atherosclerosis of artier
Reduced perfusion of peripheral tissues

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15
Q

Hallmark of peripheral arterial occlusive disease

A

Intermittent claudication relieved by legs in dependent position

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16
Q

TX of PAOD

A
  • Antiplatelets
  • Exercise
  • Reduce cardiovascular risk
  • Surgery
17
Q

Differential Dx of PAOD

A

Spinal cord compression
Osteoarthrisits
Venous disease

18
Q

Arterial Thrombus

A
  • Loss of distal circulation due to thrombosis or embolism

- Severe unrelenting pain

19
Q

5 (6) P’s of arterial thrombus

A

Pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, pulselessness, ( poikilothermic)

20
Q

Raynaud’s

A
  • Episodic, vasospastic ischemic attacks of digits

- Digital vessels overly reactive to cold

21
Q

Manifestation of Raynaud’s

A

White-Blue-Red

22
Q

Lived reticularis

A
  • Reticular (fishnet) pattern of blanching and bluish skin

- Vasospams

23
Q

Varicose Veins

A
  • Venous insufficiency

- Superficial veins become engorged and back flow occurs

24
Q

Tx of varicose veins

A
  • Stripping/sclerosing

- Stockings

25
Q

Stasis Dermatitis

A
  • Incompetent veins and leakage of blood into tissues
  • Swelling, pigmentation, ulcers
  • Pitting edema
26
Q

Lymphedema

A
  • Limb enlargement due to decreased lymphatic drainage
  • Primary: lamp system
  • Secondary: breast cancer tx and filariasis
27
Q

Lymphangitis

A
  • Bacterial/fungal info of lymphatics with cellulitis
  • Red streaking
  • Leukocytosis
  • Antibx and elevate limb

Cardiology (11 decks)

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