Endocarditis Flashcards
1
Q
Infective endocarditis
A
- Endocardial surface of the heart is infection
- usually bacterial
- Valvular damage
- Subacute (SBE) or acute (ABE)
2
Q
SBE causes
A
- Rheumatic fever w/ valve vegetations
- MVP
- Calcific aortic stenosis
- Congenital bicuspid valve
- Prosthetic valve
- Cath injury
3
Q
SBE infection
A
- Damage to valve endothelium
- Heart valve vegetation from thrombus = culture for bacteria
- S. viridians most common
- Antbx tx for 6 wks
4
Q
SBE organism interaction
A
- Organism accerlates platelet aggregation and fibrin deposits
- “biofilm” for protection
5
Q
Complications with SBE
A
- Embolization
- Valve destruction
- Conduction defects
6
Q
SBE presentations
A
- Night sweats, fever, weight loss, malaise, joint pain
- Hx valvular disease
- Hx dental work
- Heart murmur
- Conduction defects
- Splenomegaly, petechia
7
Q
ABE presentation
A
-Dyspnea/cough/CP, confusion/mental status changes, higher fevers, CHF, marked leukocytosis, sl. incr. ESR, septic arthritis/meningitis
8
Q
ABE manifestations
A
- Splinter hemorrhages
- Lesion at base of 1st finger and great toe
- Conjunctival petechia
9
Q
ABE tx
A
- Antibx 6 weeks
- Valve replacement
- No resolution with Abx could be access
10
Q
Prophylaxis should only be used on highest risk pt
A
- Prosthetic heart valves
- Previous endocarditis infx
- Cyanotic congenital heart disease
- Surgically constructed systemic pulmonary shunts and conduits
