Cardiology

Question 1

Common symptoms of heart disease

Answer 1

Result from poor hemodynamic or o2 delivery to myocardium

-CP, dyspnea, palpitations, syncope, fatigue, edema, cyanosis, claudication

Question 2

Non-modifiable risk factors

Answer 2

Age, gender, family hx

Question 3

Modifiable risk factors

Answer 3

• Tobacco
• Dyslipidemia
• HTN
• Exercise
• Obesity
• Diabetes

Question 4

Global Cardiovascular Risk

Answer 4

BP, lipids, diet, weight, smoking, exercise, family hx, other diseases

Question 5

Test and Tools: BNP

Answer 5

Brain Natriuretic Peptide Blood Testing: BNP secreted when muscle is overstretched
Used to diagnose heart failure

Question 6

Test & Tools: Framingham Study

Answer 6

PE and lifestyle interviews

Identified CV risk factors

Question 7

Test & Tools: TTE

Answer 7

Gives info on size, shape, CO, EF, and diastolic function

Can detect MI, hypertrophy, tumors, valve disease, effusion, endocarditis

Question 8

Test & Tools: TEE

Answer 8

Gold standard for myocardial ischemia, venous wir embolism, and patent foramen oval

Good for pt with poor thransthoracic window (COPD or obese)

Question 9

Test & Tools: MUGA Scans

Answer 9

Gold standard for evaluating pumping fx of ventricle

Question 10

Test & Tools: Cardiac Cath

Answer 10

Gold standard for diagnosing CAD