Putthoff - CIS #3 Flashcards
Define Traumatic Brain Injuries.
A traumatic force that causes brain function to be temporarily diminished or to alter a state of consciousness
How do you differentiate between a patient that is brain dead and one that is in a Persistent Vegetative State?
Brain Dead –> NO Blood Flow to the Cerebral Corticies
PVS –> Still have Blood Flow to the Cerebral Corticies
Tabes Dorsalis (slapping gait), Bilateral Charcot Joint Pain, extensive thickening and fibrosis of meninges, OBLITERATIVE endarteritis with perivascular accumulation of lymphoplasmacytic cells are all characteristic of _________ .
Neurosyphilis
What are mycotic aneurysms?
Bacterial infections in the brain that cause rupture of a vessel and subsequent bleeding
** Circle of Willis aneurysms are NOT considered mycotic aneurysms
Which brain tumor is typically located in the dura and can be parasagital?
Meningioma
Where do Myxopapillary Epndyoma typically reside?
Caudal end of the spinal cord in the Cauda Equina
Where are Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytomas typically located?
Which patient population are they commonly seen in?
Located in the Cerebral Hemispheres
Younger Patients
What are the two most common tumors that are going to be found in the Posterior Fossa?
- Piclocytic Astrocytoma
2. Cerebellar Angioblastoma
Which type of Glioblastoma is going to arise on its own?
Primary Glioblastoma
Which type of Glioblastoma is going to arise from a lower grade glioblastoma?
Secondary Glioblastoma
Which type of IDH isoenzyme is associated with a better prognosis for glioblastomas?
Mutant IDH
Which two tumors can exhibit drop-metastasis?
- Medulloblastomas
2. Anaplastic Ependymomas
True or False. Glioblastomas respond well to radioactive therapy.
FALSE. (do not respond)
Which tumor typically present in the superior 4th ventricle?
Which one presents in the Inferior 4th ventricle?
Superior: Medulloblastoma
Inferior: Anaplastic Ependymoma
What do Cerebellar hemangioblastomas and Pilocytic Astrocytomas have in common?
They are both in the Posterior Fossa and they contain cysts/murals!
Which tumor can show MYC amplifications?
Medulloblastomas
IDH1/IDH2 mutations, deletion of Chromosome 1p and 19q will predispose you to _______ .
Gliobastomas
Which Inherited disease can elicit an EPO-like substance that can cause secondary polycythemia?
VonHippel Lindow
What are you at risk for with VonHippel Lindow syndrome?
Renal Cell Carcinoma
In NF-2, what are you at risk for developing?
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Which disease is typically seen with Subependymal Giant Cell astrocytomas?
Tubular Sclerosis
Which disease presents with Thiamine deficiency and Opthalmoplesia?
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
Which syndrome is characteristic of irreversible changes in the brain that are due to overuse of Alcohol?
Korsakoff Syndrome
Which type of brain abnormality is related to Atherosclerotic Hypertension?
Lacunar Infarcts
Which type of brain abnormality is related to just Hypertension?
Charcot Buchard Microaneurysms
Which type of tumors are radio-sensitive?
Germinomas (Pineal Gland), Seminoas (Testicles) and Disgerminomas (Ovary)
Which tumors are related to the various grades of gliomas?
I/IV, II/IV, III/IV and IV/IV
I/IV: Policytic Astrocytoma
II/IV: Oligodendroglioma
III/IV: Anaplastic Glioblastoma
IV/IV: Glioblastoma
Which tumor is going to present with Psuedopalisating area that surrounds an area of necrosis?
Glioblastomas
