Purposive Communicaton Flashcards
are intentional and carry meaning
Communicative Signals
are not intentional but still carry meaning
Informative Signals
IDENTIFY WHETHER COMMUNICATIVE OR INFORMATIVE SIGNAL:
I am sitting at the desk in the front of the room, I must be the professor
Informative Signal
IDENTIFY WHETHER COMMUNICATIVE OR INFORMATIVE SIGNAL:
I say to you that I am here to teach the class, I am the professor
Communicative Signal
IDENTIFY WHETHER COMMUNICATIVE OR INFORMATIVE SIGNAL:
A bird may suddenly fly away at the approach of a predator, we deduce that the bird must be frightened
Informative Signal
A bird may make a loud squawk at the site of a predator, we deduce that the bird is saying “Hey everyone, lookout! Something is going to eat us!!”
Communicative Signal
THE PROPERTIES OF HUMAN LANGUAGE
- Reflexivity
- Displacement
- Arbitrariness
- Productivity
- Cultural Transmission
- Duality
Humans are able to reflect. They are able to talk about, or reflect language itself. Without this ability, we could not even even take about the other properties of language
REFLEXIVITY
Humans can talk about the past, present and future
DISPLACEMENT
Human can talk about things that don’t exist or we can’t see
DISPLACEMENT
There is no natural connection between a word’s form and its meaning (with the possible exception of our old friend, onomatopoeia)
ARBITRARINESS
Animals vocabulary is ___________________
Finite, Limited
Bees use intricate combinations of dance movements and tail waggling to communicate the location of nectar (food) sources to other bees in the hive
Honey Bee Dance Language
Human vocabulary and sentences are infinite, open ended: we can create new words in our own LEXICON, like texting or googling, new slang in unlimited combinations
PRODUCTIVITY
word forming rules
MORPHOLOGY
sentence structure rules
GRAMMAR
we acquire our speech from the environment we are raised in, our culture, which includes our language, our accent, our expression
CULTURAL TRANSMISSION
Human language is organized at two levels: PHONETICS and, PHONOLOGY and MORPHOLOGY
DUALITY
The sounds that carry no meaning
Phonetics
The combination of sounds which carry meaning
Phonology & Morphology
a limited number of discrete sounds, we can produce an infinite number of meanings
ECONOMICAL
the process by which people exchange
information or express their thoughts and feelings
Communication
- spoken rather than
written - relating to words
or using words - relating to a verb
Verbal
(interaction, gestures, facial
expressions, voice, tone, fillers,
pauses, laughter, sighs, repetition,
hesitation, explanation, simple,
spontaneous, cannot be taken back)
FACE TO FACE