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Biochem Exam 1 > Purine and Pyrimidines > Flashcards

Purine and Pyrimidines Flashcards

1
Q

What has to be activated in order for Purines to be made de novo?

A

ribose 5-phosphate

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2
Q

IMP is formed from what 5 contributing groups?

A

Aspartate, Glycine, Glutamine, Formate, and Bicarb ion

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3
Q

Ribose 5-phosphate is converted to what in Purine synthesis?

A

IMP

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4
Q

IMP can be salvaged from what two ribonucleotides?

A

adenine and guanine

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5
Q

IMP to GMP requires what?

A

1 ATP

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6
Q

IMP to AMP requires what?

A

1 GTP

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7
Q

What is the nitrogen donor in the conversion of IMP to GMP?

A

Glutamine –> be careful, don’t confuse with glutamate

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8
Q

What is the nitrogen donor in the conversion of IMP to AMP?

A

Aspartate

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9
Q

ATP induces what in GMP production?

A

Increases GMP prod.

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10
Q

GTP production increases what?

A

AMP

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11
Q

Purines can be salvaged from what interconversions?

A

free bases, nucelosides, and nucleotides

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12
Q

In Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, a person is defective in what pathway?

A

Purine salvage

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13
Q

In Lesch-Nyhan syndrome purines are converted to what substance?

A

Uric acid

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14
Q

Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency is a deficiency in what pathway?

A

Purine salvage

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15
Q

Adenosine deaminase is used in the conversion of adenosine into what?

A

Inosine

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16
Q

Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency causes what?

A

Bubble Boy syndrome

The body isn’t able to produce T or B cells

17
Q

In purine synthesis, the base is made when?

A

While ATTACHED to sugar

18
Q

In pyrimidine synthesis, the base is made when?

A

It is made BEFORE it is attached to sugar

19
Q

Pyrimidine synthesis is inhibited by what?

A

UTP

20
Q

The source of nitrogen for pyrimidine synthesis comes from what?

A

Glutamine

21
Q

Pyrimidine synthesis uses what regulation enzyme that resembles the urea cycle?

A

CPSII

22
Q

Deoxyribonucleotides are synthesized from what?

A

ribonucleotides

23
Q

Are purines more likely to be degraded or salvaged?

A

salvaged

24
Q

Purines are broken down to what substance?

A

uric acid

25
Q

Gout is a problem associated with what pathway?

A

Purine degradation

26
Q

What can be labeled in order to determine if a patient has gout?

A

Glycine

27
Q

Orotic aciduria is a problem with 2 defective enzymes that stop the production of what?

A

UMP

28
Q

When levels of ATP is high, what happens?

A

GMP is produced

29
Q

When levels of GTP are high, what happens?

A

AMP is produced

30
Q

Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) is used in what pathway?

A

purine salvage pathway

31
Q

PRPP causes an increase in what pathway?

A

Purine and Pyrimidine synthesis

Biochem Exam 1 (10 decks)

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