DNA Technology

Question 1

cut dsDNA at specific sites

Answer 1

Restriction endonucleases

Question 2

vehicles that carry DNA fragments into cells

Answer 2

vector

Question 3

phage mediated gene transfer into a prokaryotic cell

Answer 3

Transduction

Question 4

non-phage mediated gene transfer into a prokaryotic cell

Answer 4

Transformation

Question 5

Repairs single strand breaks in vivo and dsDNA breaks in vitro

Answer 5

DNA ligase

Question 6

Gene transfer into a eukaryotic cell

Answer 6

Transfection

Question 7

dsDNA added to blunt ends to make them sticky ends

Answer 7

Linker

Question 8

A vector with an incorporated gene

Answer 8

Recombinant DNA molecule

Question 9

Method used to identify DNA fragments

Answer 9

Southern blotting

Question 10

Method used to identify RNA fragments

Answer 10

Northern blotting

Question 11

Identification of proteins using specific antibodies

Answer 11

Western blotting

Question 12

DNA is cut with a restriction enzyme and run on gel electrophoresis. This method is used during Southern Blotting

Answer 12

RFLP - restriction fragment length polymorphism

Question 13

Restriction enzymes are used during what blotting method?

Answer 13

Southern

Question 14

A genomic library containing the entire genome of an organism cloned into bacterial colonies.

Answer 14

DNA library

Question 15

libraries include complementary DNA sequences produced using RT of all the mRNA expressed in a tissue. These DO NOT contain introns.

Answer 15

cDNA library (complementary)

Question 16

Joining of a dideoxynucleotide will stop DNA polymerase at that base, with the type of base known at that position. Lining up all the tubes adjacent on gel electrophoresis will produce a number of varying fragment lengths. What is this method?

Answer 16

Sanger (dideoxy) method.

Remember: read from smallest fragment (BOTTOM) to largest fragment (TOP)

Question 17

different flourolabel are attached to each ddNTP. All four reactions are performed in one tube and electrophoresis performed using 1 lane. The sequence is read as the light produced by the labeled bands is read by a detector. What is this method?

Answer 17

Automated DNA sequencing

Question 18

This method is Useful in diagnosing genetic disease, identifying carriers, detecting infectious organisms, DNA profiling.

Answer 18

PCR

Question 19

point mutation in sickle-cell beta-globin removes a MstII restriction site in the gene, producing a larger fragment. This is an example of what test method?

Answer 19

Southern blotting

Question 20

amplification of the mutated region produces bands that are the desired length in repeat.

Answer 20

PCR analysis

Question 21

What type of testing would you perform on a patient with Myotonic Dystrophy whose DNA segments are >4kb?

Answer 21

Southern blotting

*PCR cannot be used for this because the DNA segments are too large to migrate.

Question 22

Patients with hemophilia A are deficient in what available recombinant protein?

Answer 22

Factor VIII

Question 23

Patients with hemophilia B are deficient in what available recombinant protein?

Answer 23

Factor IX

Question 24

Therapy where one cures or prevents disease by modifying an individual’s genes or their expression

Answer 24

Gene therapy

Question 25

Therapy where alterations of genes in somatic cells are used to treat a specific disorder

Answer 25

Somatic therapy

Question 26

Therapy where alteration of genes in gametes are used to prevent disease in child

Answer 26

Germline therapy

Question 27

Replacing a mutated gene with a healthy one

Answer 27

Gene replacement therapy

Question 28

Introduction of a new gene in order to treat disease

Answer 28

Gene therapy for non-inherited diseases

Question 29

Inactivation of a mutated gene that is functioning improperly

Answer 29

Gene-blocking therapy

Question 30

What is the most common vector used for gene therapy?

Answer 30

Adenovirus

Question 31

Therapy where pt’s cells are removed from the body, treated, and re-introduced.

Answer 31

Ex vivo gene therapy

Question 32

SCID, Gaucher Disease, and Malignant melanoma are treated using what kind of gene therapy?

Answer 32

Ex vivo gene therapy

Question 33

Circulating cells are treated with this kind of gene therapy?

Answer 33

In vivo gene therapy

Question 34

Cystic fibrosis, various cancers, Hemophilia B are all treated using what type of gene therapy?

Answer 34

In vivo gene therapy

Question 35

Hepatocytes and skin fibroblasts are treated with this gene therapy to integrate a gene to promote the production of Factor IX. What is the therapy type and disease associated?

Answer 35

In vivo somatic gene therapy for Hemophilia B.