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HIS- Hearing Instrument Specialist > Pure Tone Audiometry > Flashcards

Pure Tone Audiometry Flashcards

1
Q

The quietest level the pt can hear tone 50% of the time

A

Threshold

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2
Q

How do you find the Sensation Level

A

Presentation Level- PT’s Threshold= Sensation Level

Presented at 40dB- Pt’s TH is 20dB= 20dB SL

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3
Q

Both of these decibels compare the hearing of the patient to normal ears at audiometric zero. ANSI Standards

A

HTL- Hearing Threshold Level

HL- Hearing Level

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4
Q

Compares this level to where the best human ears can hear

A

Sound Pressure Level SPL

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5
Q

The amount of sound above the threshold of the pt. The sound the pt hears

A

Sensation Level

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6
Q

The loss of acoustic energy of a sound as it travels from the test ear, across the head, to the opposite ear

A

IA- Interaural Attenuation

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7
Q

Occurs when you present a sound to the test ear but the non test ear hears the sound first

A

Cross- over or IA

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8
Q

Interaural Attenuation for pure tone air conduction testing is____

A

40dB

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9
Q

The natural increase in the loudness of a tone by bone conduction when a blockage is present. It is greatest at 250Hz, about 20dB

A

The Occlusion Effect

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10
Q

Designed to measure the auditory fatigue of the VIII Nerve

A

Tone Decay Tests

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11
Q

3 Hearing Loss Characteristics

A

Type of Hearing Loss (Sensorineural, Conductive, Mixed)
Degree of HL (mild, Moderate, Severe)
Configuration of HL ( reverse slope, cookie-bite, flat)

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12
Q

Always presents with better hearing from by BC, indicates a blockage or impairment to the conductive portion of the hearing mechanism, if 15dB or more at all frequencies there is a conductive loss/component. What do all these traits identify?

A

Air- Bone Gap/ Conductive HL

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13
Q

When the AC thresholds and BC thresholds are the same (right on top of each other)

A

Sensorineural HL

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14
Q

When there is a separation between the AC thresholds and the BC thresholds in addition to abnormal BC thresholds (worse than 20dB on Audio)

A

Mixed HL

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15
Q

The 5 degrees of HL

A 
Normal- 0-20dB
Mild- 21-40dB
Moderate 41-70dB
Severe 71-90dB
Profound 91+
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16
Q

A configuration of HL that Generally varies within 10-15dB at all frequencies

A

Flat Loss

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17
Q

A configuration of HL that has a gradual reduction from lower to higher Frequencies

A

Gently Sloping or gradual slope

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18
Q

A configuration of HL that has a greater HL in the LF’s better hearing in the HF’s

A

Reverse or Rising slope

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19
Q

Severe to profound loss in the LF’s and no response in the mid or HF’s

A

Corner Audiogram

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20
Q

Better Hearing in the LF range to a severe drop in the highs

A

Ski-Slope or HF, or precipitous Loss

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21
Q

A Hearing loss due to noise exposure and illustrates a V notch between 3k-6kHz and a sensorineural HL

A

Noise induced HL

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22
Q

All Bone conduction thresholds are in normal range while AC have a reverse slope and type B Tymp…what HL would this indicate?

A

Otitis Media

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23
Q

Early stages will exhibit that of otitis media on the audiogram but with this the BC thresholds drop at 2k (carhart notch) Tymps are type As

A

Otosclerosis- with surgery BC and AC will return to normal (stapedectomy) W/O surgery loss gets worse

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24
Q

Produces a purely conductive loss with up to 60dB air bone gap.

A

Missing Drum or Ossicular Chain

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25
Q

Occurs when a lower frequency sound masks out a higher frequency stimulus

A

Upward spread of masking

26
Q

A masking noise that can be used for both pure tone and speech

A

White Noise

27
Q

More effective masking noise and easily tolerated than white noise for pure tones but not speech tests

A

Narrow Band Noise

28
Q

Interaural Attenuation for Bone Conduction is ___ for the sound to be audible in the opposite ear

A

0dB

29
Q

Eliminates cross over from occurring. Determines the appropriate noise needed to cover up or keep the non test ear busy.

A

Effective Masking

30
Q

occurs when an effective masking noise in the non-test ear isolates the test from cross over or IA and the Central Nervous system causes the test ear threshold to be 5dB lower without masking.

A

Central Masking

31
Q

When is masking required

A
  1. Required in the better ear when the difference in air conduction thresholds between ears is 40dB or more.
  2. Whenever the masked or unmasked BC threshold of the better ear is 40dB better than AC threshold of the poorer ear, mask the poorer ear thresholds by AC
32
Q

How to determine the proper amount of masking noise and the starting level for the test tone

A

Start masking noise in the better ear at AC threshold plus 10

33
Q

When to mask for BC

A

When a 15dB or more difference occurs between the BC and the better ear and AC of the poorer ear

34
Q

In pure tone testing, threshold means

A

The lowest intensity the client hears 50% of the time

35
Q

What is the meaning of 40dB threshold re: audiometric zero, at 500 Hz

A

Subject could barely hear a 500Hz tone at 40dB about 50% of the time

36
Q

The problems produced by excessive ambient noise are

A

Greater for the lower frequencies than the higher frequencies

37
Q

What should be done before testing is performed

A

The Pt’s ears should be carefully examined using an otoscope

38
Q

The descending technique in pure tone Audiometry is preformed because it:

A

It’s easier to hear when a sound stops than when it begins

39
Q

Why is beginning testing with the 1000Hz tone conducted

A

It is the center of frequency of those most important to understanding speech
Has good test, re-test reliability
Provides the pt to become accustomed to the procedure

40
Q

Individuals with a noise induced hearing impairment can have a V notch at which frequencies

A

3000, 4000, 6000Hz

41
Q

The loss of acoustic energy as it travels from the test ear in the non-test ear is a definition of:

A

Interaural attenuation

42
Q

To begin testing for air or bone conduction thresholds, test should begin at which frequency

A

1000 Hz

43
Q

If the outer and middle ear parts are normal

A

Air thresholds will equal the bone thresholds

44
Q

In bone conduction testing the receiver should be

A

Placed at the most sensitive spot on the mastoid of the test ear

45
Q

Sound from the bone conduction receiver may stimulate the non-test ear at

A

10dB or less

46
Q

A source of information that helps to identify which ear is responding in bone conduction stimuli is

A

Tympanometry
Acoustic reflex testing
Bone conduction with masking

47
Q

Bone conduction testing directly stimulates the:

A

Cochlea

48
Q

Ambient noise in the environment during bone conduction testing will

A

Affect the test results in the lower frequencies

49
Q

During the testing process it is best to test bone conduction

A

After air conduction testing

50
Q

A conductive loss may be caused by

A

Perforation of TM
Immobile Middel ear ossicles
Otitis media

51
Q

Bone condition thresholds worse than Air conduction thresholds may be caused by

A

Poor placement of the vibrator
Skull fracture
Thickness of the skull

52
Q

Sound being presented to one ear and then routed to the opposite ear is known as

A

Cross hearing
Trans cranial hearing
Shadow hearing

53
Q

When the better ear answers for the poorer ear what occurs

A

Shadow curve

54
Q

Which noise is best for masking during pure tone air and bone conduction testing

A

Narrow band noise

55
Q

Effective masking may be described as

A

An increased masking noise that does not shift the threshold tone
A formula method to determine how much masking noise is appropriate
A psychoacoustic method like the one proposed by hood

56
Q

Masking is performed during air conduction testing when

A

A

57
Q

Masking is performed during bone conduction testing whenever

A

A 15dB or more difference occurs between the obtained bone conduction threshold of the better ear and the obtained air conduction threshold of the poorer ear

58
Q

The occlusion effect occurs during

A

Bone conduction testing causing thresholds to shift due to headphones being placed over the ear

59
Q

A masking dilemma occurs when

A

It is impossible to mask
The patient displays a bilateral conductive loss
Masking can not be completed due to over masking

60
Q

Under masking is defined as

A

Occurring more often during air conduction testing

61
Q

Central masking can effect a threshold by

A

5dB

HIS- Hearing Instrument Specialist (20 decks)

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