Psychoacoustics Flashcards
Compares the loudness level of a sound at one frequency to the same loudness at another frequency
Phons
Uses average normal judgements of loudness going up frequency, not across frequency
Sones
The vocal folds set up secondary vibrations known as ___ which reinforce some frequencies more than others the reinforced frequencies are called ___
Harmonics/ Formants
Power is referenced on the left in dB’s and clarity is referenced on the
Right
Power in the LF’s vowel area gives the voice timbre and tonal quality as well as clarity in the HF’s
Ear canal resonance is approximately
2700Hz
The loss of the ear canal resonance due to a HA or earmold, pt also experiences the occlusion effect where their own voice sounds louder
Insertion Loss
Low Frequencies give us the power or loudness of___
Speech- overall sound is quieter when the lows are not present. UCL changes as well.
Positive reinforcement involves
Presenting a tone that is only inaudible without the instrument on
Loss of the Ear canal resonance due to the HA or a mold plugging the canal is called what
Insertion Loss which causes the occlusion effect where the Pt’s voice appears louder
Sound cannot travel through the following medium or mediums
Vacuum
Any complex sound can be broken down into individual frequencies by a technique known as:
Fourier spectral analysis
How many octaves occurs from 125 Hz- to 2000 Hz
4 octaves
The quality or timbre of a sound is a property that depends on:
How many frequencies are in the complex sound
The relative strength of each frequency
The resonance of the sound cavities
The speed of sound in air, in feet per second, is
1100
What does the term 67 dB mean?
It is meaningless without a reference level
The weakest sound normal human ears can hear in the most sensitive frequency range of the ear is an effective sound pressure of about:
0.0002 dynes/cm2
A formant is
A frequency region within a complex tone where certain harmonics have relatively large energy
The normal human ear canal resonance is in the approximate range of
2500-4000 Hz
The harmonics of speech reinforce some frequencies more others. The reinforced frequencies are:
Formants
Vowels differ from consonants in that they
Use more open vocal cord voicing
When tilting the frequency response, the last number in a matrix i.e, 110/37/15 means
The 15dB difference occurs between 500 Hz and the first peak
The Pt’s MCL on a speech circuit of the audiometer is usually judged on:
The volume at 1000 Hz
ANSI developed the articulation index (AI) in express
Speech clarity
Positive reinforcement involves
Presenting a tone that is only inaudible without the instrument on
Our quest of improving speech understanding begins by studying
Speech production
Most auditory systems follow a power law, this logarithmic concept is:
A 10dB increase in sound pressure doubles the loudness
Sones compare:
Loudness up frequency
Mels measure
Pitch