Pulmonology Flashcards
1
Q
Lights Criteria for pleural effusion
A
For exudate:
- Pleural:serum protein > 0.5
Pleural:serum LDH >0.6
- Pleural LDH >2/3 ULN
2
Q
Causes of transudative effusion
A
- Heart failure
- Cirrhosis
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Pulmonary embolism
3
Q
Causes of exudative effusion
A
- Malignancy
- Bacterial/viral PNA
- TB
- PE
- Pancreatitis
- Esophageal rupture
- Collagen vascular disease
- Chylo-/hemothorax
4
Q
What volume is required for a pleural effusion to be seen on CXR?
A
250-500 mL
5
Q
Westermark sign
A
localized oligemia (diminished lung markings in region supplied by vessel); rare but highly specific CXR finding for PE
6
Q
Antibiotics for PNA in CF patients
A
- Broad-spectrum with double coverage for P. aeruginosa (extended-spectrum beta-lactam + aminoglycoside)
- Vanc, pip/tazo & tobra
