pulmonary vascular disorders Flashcards
What provides the supportive blood supply to the parenchyma in the lung
bronchial vessels
What is the job of the lymphatic system in the lungs
remove both infectious material and excess fluid
What is the path of the lymphatic system in the lungs
moves towards the hilum and drains in the right thoracic lymphatic duct
What are some causes of PE
DVT
Fat embolism
Air embolism
amniotic embolism
What is the active form of plasminogen
plasmin
How long do you treat a provoked clot
3 months of anticoagulation
how long do you treat an unprovoked clot
forever
What is the most common cause of a fat embolism
From injury to a long bone
What is septic emboli most commonly associated with
IVDU will affect the right side of the heart (*S. Aureus)
What type of embolism can you get from scuba diving
air embolis
When do amniotic emboli occur
during labor or immediately post partum
Who are at increased risk for amniotic embolism
premature delivery
advanced maternal age
preeclampsia
C-section
Polyhydramnios
abnormal placental attachment site
What are the classifications of PEs
massive (HD instability)
Submassive w/ Right heart strain
Submassive w/o right heart strain
subsegmental
If a patient has a massive PE, what happens to their pulmonary pressure
May go up by >40mmHg (
What is normal pulmonary atrial pressure
12-16mmHg
Where does pulmonary hypertension occur
High flow, low resistance area of vasculature
What is the pathophys of pulmonary hypertension
occlusion/constriction of the capillary arterioles within the pulmonary vasculature
-vasoconstriction from pulmonary dysfunction
-remodeling of smooth muscle
-thrombosis
What is considered severe pulmonary HTN
> 55mmHg
What are common causes of pulmonary HTN
PE
ARDS
COPD
interstitial lung disease
What is pulmonary venous HTN due to
associated with left sided heart disease
What is primary hypertension
pulmonary vasculature is the only area affected
What is secondary pulmonary hypertension
results when there is a known cause and something else is involved in the disease process
What occurs in the lung with primary pulmonary hypertension
vascular wall remodeling
pulmonary vasoconstriction
increased risk thrombi
What can cause secondary hypertension
COPD
interstitial lung disease
*causes primary lung disease that then leads to pulmonary HTN
What is primary pulmonary HTN caused by
HIV
MEdication
Cocaine
Chemo
collagen
What is cor pulmonale
Downstream cardiac effect that leads to hypertrophy and dilation of RV
*otherwise known as right sided heart failure
