pulmonary vascular disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What provides the supportive blood supply to the parenchyma in the lung

A

bronchial vessels

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2
Q

What is the job of the lymphatic system in the lungs

A

remove both infectious material and excess fluid

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3
Q

What is the path of the lymphatic system in the lungs

A

moves towards the hilum and drains in the right thoracic lymphatic duct

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4
Q

What are some causes of PE

A

DVT
Fat embolism
Air embolism
amniotic embolism

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5
Q

What is the active form of plasminogen

A

plasmin

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6
Q

How long do you treat a provoked clot

A

3 months of anticoagulation

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7
Q

how long do you treat an unprovoked clot

A

forever

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8
Q

What is the most common cause of a fat embolism

A

From injury to a long bone

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9
Q

What is septic emboli most commonly associated with

A

IVDU will affect the right side of the heart (*S. Aureus)

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10
Q

What type of embolism can you get from scuba diving

A

air embolis

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11
Q

When do amniotic emboli occur

A

during labor or immediately post partum

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12
Q

Who are at increased risk for amniotic embolism

A

premature delivery
advanced maternal age
preeclampsia
C-section
Polyhydramnios
abnormal placental attachment site

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13
Q

What are the classifications of PEs

A

massive (HD instability)
Submassive w/ Right heart strain
Submassive w/o right heart strain
subsegmental

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14
Q

If a patient has a massive PE, what happens to their pulmonary pressure

A

May go up by >40mmHg (

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15
Q

What is normal pulmonary atrial pressure

A

12-16mmHg

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16
Q

Where does pulmonary hypertension occur

A

High flow, low resistance area of vasculature

17
Q

What is the pathophys of pulmonary hypertension

A

occlusion/constriction of the capillary arterioles within the pulmonary vasculature
-vasoconstriction from pulmonary dysfunction
-remodeling of smooth muscle
-thrombosis

18
Q

What is considered severe pulmonary HTN

19
Q

What are common causes of pulmonary HTN

A

PE
ARDS
COPD
interstitial lung disease

20
Q

What is pulmonary venous HTN due to

A

associated with left sided heart disease

21
Q

What is primary hypertension

A

pulmonary vasculature is the only area affected

22
Q

What is secondary pulmonary hypertension

A

results when there is a known cause and something else is involved in the disease process

23
Q

What occurs in the lung with primary pulmonary hypertension

A

vascular wall remodeling
pulmonary vasoconstriction
increased risk thrombi

24
Q

What can cause secondary hypertension

A

COPD
interstitial lung disease
*causes primary lung disease that then leads to pulmonary HTN

25
What is primary pulmonary HTN caused by
HIV MEdication Cocaine Chemo collagen
26
What is cor pulmonale
Downstream cardiac effect that leads to hypertrophy and dilation of RV *otherwise known as right sided heart failure