interstitial lung disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is pulmonary fibrosis

A

scarring of parenchyma

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2
Q

What is airspace

A

alveolar disease

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3
Q

What is included with airspace

A

Diseases that fill alveoli with fluid
-pneumonia
-edema
-hemorrhage
-aspiration
-sarcoidosis
-lymphoma

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4
Q

How will alveolar disease look on imaging

A

fluffy

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5
Q

What is interstitial disease

A

infiltrative disease leading to fibrosis of the lungs

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6
Q

What is the most common type of pulmonary fibrosis

A

idiopathic

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7
Q

What cells are effected with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

Loss of Type 1 and overgrowth of type 2 which impairs the repairing/growth of damaged cells

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8
Q

What is pneumoconiosis

A

pulmonary fibrosis associated with chronic exposure to inorganic dust particles

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9
Q

What cause pneumoconiosis

A

silica
asbestos
coal

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10
Q

What are in the lung is effected with pneumoconiosis

A

scarring of the alveolocapillary membrane

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11
Q

What classifications must be met to be diagnosed with pneumoconiosis

A

known exposure of offending agent

must have latent period

exclusion of other causes

exam/symptoms/imaging consistent with disease

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12
Q

Where is coal workers pneumonia most common

A

KY
WV
VA

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13
Q

What is the pathophys for coal miners lung

A

coal dust enters the lung
macrophages attack particles
cytokine release
nodules form
bronchioles dilate
airways change shape
obstruction

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14
Q

Where do the fibrotic areas form with coal miners lung

A

where the most coal dust enters

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15
Q

Where are black masses found with coal miners lung

A

upper, posterior lung field

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16
Q

How will coal miners lung present

A

Melanoptysis
pulmonary HTN
Progressive dyspnea

17
Q

What is silicosis

A

Occupational lung disease associated with crystalline silica

18
Q

What is acute silicosis

A

develops within a few weeks after a few years of exposure

19
Q

What is accelerated silicosis

A

begins 5-10 years after significant exposure

20
Q

What is chronic silicosis

A

innumerable round opacities noted on imaging

21
Q

Where does silica dust settle with silicosis

A

terminal bronchioles and alveoli

22
Q

What is the pathophys with silicosis

A

-toxin inhaled
-macrophages activated
-Cytokine release
-Oxygen radicals form which directly -damage macrophages
-fibrosis occurs
-type 2 cells broken down

23
Q

What disease is commonly found with silicosis

24
Q

What is the progression of silicosis

A

pulmonary fibrosis
Lung cancer
Mesothelioma

25
What is sarcoidosis
granulomatous disease makes by accumulation of T lymphocytes and phagocytes
26
What epigenetic trigger occurs with sarcoidosis
HLA
27
What type of granuloma occurs with sarcoidosis
Non-caseating
28
If a granuloma forms outside the lungs what can occur
Meningitis Uveitis Restrictive cariomyopathy hepatosplenomegaly arthralgias erythema nodosum
29
What is the most common subtype of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Farmers lung
30
Where are hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Humid areas may be seasonal exposure to fungi/mold/yeast etc
31
Who is bird fanciers lung seen in
pigeon breeders *associated with handling bird stool or material on feathers