Pulmonary Pathologies and Meds Flashcards
What is the primary muscle(s) of inspiration?
- Diphragm (#1)
- External intercostals
What is the criteria for Chronic Bronchitis?
Productive cough for 3 months over 2 consecutive years
What is Asthma?
Chronic inflammation of the airways caused by an increased airway hypersensitivity to various stimuli
What conditions cause Atelectasis?
Conditions and factors that prevent deep breathing
What is Pneumonia?
Inflammation if the lungs
What is Empyema?
Inflection of fluid in a pleural effusion
What is Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
Disease of exocrine glands producing thick, sticky mucus. Affects: - lungs - pancreas - liver - intestines - sinuses - sex organs
What is Pulmonary Edema?
Fluid collects in the alveoli within the lungs
What is the prognosis for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
- Fatal in 25%-40%
- When not fatal: May not regain full lung function for 1 year.
What is Emphysema?
- Gradual destruction of alveolar walls
- Alveoli become large, pocketed with gaping holes
What pulmonary diseases are mostly caused by smoking?
- Bronchiol Carcinoma
- COPD: Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis
What usually causes Bronchiectasis?
- Chronic infections
- Aspiration
- Cystic fibrosis
- Immune system impariments
What is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Sudden respiratory failure due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli.
What is Bronchitis?
Inflammation of bronchi
- Hypertrophy of mucus secreting glands
- Increased mucus secretions
- Insufficient O2
What is the prognosis for patients with Emphysema?
- Alveoli permanently overinflated
- Dead space increases in lungs
What diseases makes up Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD)?
- Emphysema
- Chronic Bronchitis
What is Bronchiectasis?
Obstructive lung disease - produces abnormal dilation of a bronchus
- Progressive
- Irreversible
What causes Cystic Fibrosis (CF)?
Autosomal recessive genetic disease
- Inherit two bad copies of the CF gene
What is Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD)?
Group of lung disease - block airflow due to narrowing
Who is affected by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
critically ill or have significant injuries
What causes Pulmonary Edema?
Left ventricle unable to pump blood adequately
What is Atelectasis?
Condition in which one or more areas of the lungs collapse or do not inflate properly
What is Pulmonary Fibrosis?
Microscopic damage to the alveoli causes irreversible scarring of interstitial tissue
What is the primary muscle(s) of forceful expiration?
- Rectus abdominis
- Internal and External obliques
- Transverse abdominis
What is a Bronchial Carcinoma?
aka lung cancer
- any epithelial carcinoma occurring in the bronchopulmonary tree
What is the prognosis for Acute Pulmonary Edema?
Medical Emergency!
What is Pleural Effusion?
Buildup of pleural space between lungs and chest cavity
What is the primary muscle(s) of quiet expiration?
None. Passive recoil of lungs and rib cage
