Pulmonary IV: Pathophysiology and Pharmacology of Lung Disease Flashcards
Asthma Class: 2-7 episodes per week, >2 night symtpoms per month
Mild Persistent
Asthma Class: Continuous symptoms, frequent night symptoms
Severe Persistent
Asthma Class: Daily symptoms, >1 night symptoms per week
Moderate Persistent
Infectious agent in tuberculosis
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Latent or Active TB? Infectious before treatment
Active
Latent or Active TB? MTB present in large numbers
Active
Latent or Active TB? MTB present in small numbers
Latent
Latent or Active TB? Sputum and culture positive
Active
Latent or Active TB? TST negative
Active
Latent or Active TB? TST positive
Latent
Most common organism in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
Strep pneumoniae
Most common organism in HAP/VAP/HCAP
Polymicrobial (drug-resistant)
Name the drugs: 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors
Zileuton
Name the drugs: LABA
Salmeterol, Terbutaline, Formoterol
Name the drugs: Leukotriene D4 antagonists
Montelukast, zafirlukast
Name the drugs: SABA
Albuterol
Name the drugs: systemic corticosteroids
prednisone, methylprednisone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone
Treatment of HAP/VAP/HCAP
Antipseudomonal agent, Fluoroquinolone/Aminoglycoside, anti-pseudomonal
What drug? Inhibit phospholipase and cytokine synthesis
Corticosteroids
What drug? Preferred agent for acute treatment of asthma exacerbation
SABA
What drug? Preventive therapy for exercise-induced asthma, blocks mast cell mediator release
Cromolyn, Nedocromil
What drug? Used in acute COPD exacerbations
Ipratropium (anti-cholinergic)
What drug? Used in severe acute exacerbations of asthma
Systemic corticosteroids
Which drug? Binds to IgE to inhibit eosinophil-IgE binding and consequent allergic response
Omalizumab
Which drug? Inhibits phosphodiesterase to induce bronchodilation
Theophylline
Which drug? Long-acting anti-cholinergic for COPD
Tiotropium
Which drug? Preferred supplement for long-term control of asthma and COPD in addition to first line treatment
LABA
Which drug? Preferrred long-term control medication for asthma or COPD
ICS
Which part of the airway is affected by asthma?
Bronchioles
Which part of the airway is affected by bronchiectasis?
Bronchioles
Which part of the airway is affected by Bronchiolitis?
Respiratory bronchioles
Which part of the airway is affected by emphysema?
Alveolar sacs
Which pathology? Can have acute or chronic onset; associated with >20% ______ in Bronchoscopic Lavage
Eosinophils; Eosinophilic Pneumonia
Which pathology? Cystic lung disease exclusively of young women, resulting from mutation in tuberous sclerosis genes
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Which pathology? ILD characterized by cysts and nodules predominantly in younger smokers with upper lobe affected preferentially
Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Which pathology? ILD with temporally homogenous fibrosis; associated with younger women; responds to anti-inflammatory therapy
Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia
Which pathology? Patients may develop dysphagia due to uncoordinated pharyngeal muscle movement, resulting in aspiration of food and fluids
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Which pathology? Plugs of fibrosis and granulation tissue distal to bronchioles, resulting from non-infectious causes
Organizing Pneumonia
Which pathology? Scarring lung disease with UIP pattern; associated with older patients, smokers; honeycombing on imaging
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Which pathology? Systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology; presents before age 40; Northern European predisposition
Sarcoidosis
Which pathology? Types of Smoking-Related ILD
Respiratory Bronchiolitis-ILD, Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia, Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
