Pulmonary Imaging Flashcards
MC LUNG ACCESSORY FISSURE
INFERIOR ACCESSORY FISSURE
MC LUNG CA TYPE
Adenocarcinoma
- weakly associated with smoking
MC THYMIC TUMOR
THYMOMA
MC Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor
SEMINOMA
Finger in glove
ABPA
Segmental bronchial atresia
Atoll sign, Reverse halo sign
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)
MC bronchopulmonary malformation
“BulMa’s PS BAnk”
Pulmonary sequestration
- Intralobar (more common)
2nd MC bronchopulmonary malformation is Bronchial atresia
*“BulMa’s PS BAnk”
Morgagni hernia
Anterior, right.
Bochdalek hernia
Posterolateral (back to the left)
MC intrathoracic foregut cyst
Bronchogenic cyst
MC GIT duplication cyst
“ILDefonso and EDu”
Ileal duplication cyst (2nd Esophageal duplication cyst)
*“ILDefonso and EDu”
Pulmonary AVM
Osler Weber Rendu syndrome and
Hemorrhagic Hereditary Telangiectasia
Kartagener syndrome
“SMB at Chicks”
Situs inversus
Male infertility
Bronchiectasis
Chronic sinusitis
*“SMB at Chicks”
MC etiology of LOBAR pneumonia
“Lover’s Secret Place”
Streptococcus pneumonia
- Lobar pneumonia
- nonsegmental
- relatively sharp demarcation
*“Lover’s Secret Place”
Bronchopneumonia/Lobular pneumonia
- MC Staphylococcus aureus, Gram(-), some Fungi
- Acute inflammatory walls of bronchioles
Bronchopneumonia
- Aspiration (Gram negative)
- Recumbent
- posterior segment of upper lobes
- superior segment of lower lobes
- Upright
- Basal segments of lower lobes
MC cause of Atypical/Viral pneumonia pattern
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Round pneumonia
- Pediatric patients
- Strep.pneumonia
- Superior segment of lower lobe
Abscess
Cavitary containing air-fluid level
Primary PTB
- LL>UL
- Cavitation uncommon
- GHON lesion/focus
- Ranke complex
*RANKE COMPLEX
= calcified parenchymal focus (the GHON LESION) + nodal calcification
Post-Primary PTB/Reactivation
- Immunocompromised
- Cavitations
- Tree in bud opacities (CT)
Miliary TB
- Hematogenous spread
- seen in primary and post primary
ABPA
Hypersensitivity reaction in patients with ASTHMA
Aspergilloma
- Air-crescent sign
- Monad sign
Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP)
- Interstitial —> LOBAR
- Pleural effusion ABSENT
Kaposi sarcoma
MC neoplasm in AIDS patient
- irregular and ill-defined (FLAMED SHAPE, HOLLY LEAF)
Hamartoma
Popcorn calcification
Enhancement of lesion
- Negative or <15 HU - BENIGN
- >25 HU - MALIGNANT
MC type of Lung CA
- AdenoCA
- F>M
- common in non-smokers
Squamous Cell CA
- MC to CAVITATE
- strong association with SMOKERS
- MC segmental or lobar
- MC tumor induced HYPERCALCEMIA
Small Cell CA
- Smoker
- MC to cause PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROME
- MC to cause SVC syndrome
Pancoast tumor
- Apical
- SCCa
- HORNER syndrome
Golden pneumonia
Obstructive pneumonia
“Head cheese sign”
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)
Basilar HONEYCOMBING (distinctive)
Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)
- Traction bronchiectasis
- sparing of immediate SUBPLEURAL region
Swyer James syndrome
- Macleod’s syndrome
- post-infectious form of bronchiolitis obliterans
MC pulmonary manifestation of SLE?
Pleural effusion
Scleroderma
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Patulous esophagus
Ankylosing spondylitis
Mimics TB (immunologic disease)
Pulmonary Edema
Grade I —> CEPHALIZATION (13-18mmHg)
Grade II —> INTERSTITIAL EDEMA (19-25mmHg)
Grade III —> ALVEOLAR/AIRSPACE EDEMA (>25mmHg)
ARDS
- Diffuse alveolar damage
- Heart usually normal
- more peripheral distribution of edema
Direct signs of Atelectasis?
- Displacement of interlobar fissure
- Crowding of vessels and bronchi
RML atelectasis
Most likely to be chronically collapsed (RML syndrome)
Mounier Kuhn
- Tracheomegaly (>3cm)
- Bronchiectasis
- Malacia
Saber sheath trachea
- Narrowing of coronal diameter with C-S ratio of <0.6 cm
- COPD pxs
MC manifestation of asbestos exposure?
Pleural plaques
“Split pleura” sign
Empyema
MC primary pleural neoplasm?
Malignant Mesothelioma
MC anterior inferior mediastinal mass?
Thymolipoma
MC cause of an anterior mediastinal mass in children?
Lymphoma (2nd MC in adults)
Neurogenic tumors
75% of posterior mediastinal mass (MC are Schwannoma)
calcified parenchymal focus (GHON LESION) +
nodal calcification = ____?
RANKE COMPLEX
= calcified parenchymal focus (GHON LESION) +
nodal calcification
When ASPIRATION occurs in the SUPINE position, it is the ______ that are predominantly involved,
whereas ASPIRATION in the ERECT position leads to involvement of ______.
ASPIRATION in the SUPINE position:
- posterior segments of the upper lobes
- superior segments of the lower lobes
ASPIRATION in the ERECT position:
- basal segments of the lower lobes.
Indirect signs seen with specific type of atelectasis
Golden S sign - RUL atelectasis Juxtaphrenic peak - UL atelectasis Luftsichel sign - UL atelectasis (usually LUL) Flat waist sign - LLL atelectasis Comet tail sign - Rounded atelectasis
