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NBA Gametime > Genitourinary Tract Imaging > Flashcards

Genitourinary Tract Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

MC cause of renovascular HTN

A

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

  • followed by FMD(Fibromuscular Dysplasia);
    string of pearl sign in the arteries (common FMD finding)
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2
Q

Adrenal Adenomas vs Adrenal Mets

A

Adenomas - Early contrast washout

Mets - Slow contrast washout

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3
Q

In color Doppler UTZ, until what renal artery segment can it detect?

A

ARCUATE ARTERY

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4
Q

Clinical Triad of Tuberous Sclerosis (TS)?

“MEA-TS”

A
  1. Mental retardation
  2. Epilepsy
  3. facial Angiofibroma
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5
Q

MC common renal fusion anomaly?

“I’MA be ‘gon Horseback riding”

A

HORSESHOE KIDNEY

  • ascent is prevented by the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
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6
Q

DIAGNOSIS?
CT: central stellate scar
Angiography: spoke wheel pattern of vessels

A

RENAL ONCOCYTOMA

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7
Q

MC renal mass?

A

Simple Renal Cyst

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8
Q

Most common renal pelvic tumor (mostly malignant)?

A

TRANSITIONAL CELL CA

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9
Q

MC Primary tumor site producing solid renal mets

A

LUNG CA

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10
Q

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Triad
(BEAR PAW SIGN)

“X General Practitioner SCaM”

A
  1. Staghorn Calculus
  2. Absent or diminished excretion of contrast medium
  3. poorly defined renal Mass
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11
Q

Most common bacterial infection involving kidney?

A

ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS

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12
Q

Potter’s syndrome

A

Bilateral renal AGENESIS

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13
Q

Putty Kidney

A

Renal TB

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14
Q

MC cause of Chronic Pyelonephritis

In children? In adults?

A

In children: VUR

In Adults: calculi and chronic obstruction

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15
Q

Most frequent site of extrapulmonary TB?

A

URINARY TRACT

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16
Q

Primary cause of renal failure in HIV Patients?

A

HIV Nephropathy

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17
Q
  • RENAL STONES*
    1. Staghorn calculi stones?
    2. Stones which recurs quickly (“RUSH”)?
    3. MC renal stones (give 2).
    4. Give the three Radiolucent stones on conventional films
    5. Type of stones in Congenital Cystinuria
A
  1. Struvite
  2. bRUSHite
  3. CaOx and CaPO4
  4. Uric Acid, Xanthine, and Indinavir
  5. Cystine
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18
Q

WEIGERT-MEYER RULE

“UO” or “Urine Output”

(Drooping lily sign)

A

Upper Pole moiety: Obstructs (ends as a ureterocoele)
- inferomedial insertion

Lower pole moiety: Refluxes (Drooping lily sign)

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19
Q

Carney’s Triad?

“CLaP”

A
  1. pulmonary Chondroma
  2. gastric Leiomyosarcoma
  3. functioning extra-Adrenal Pheochromocytoma
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20
Q

Most common primary renal malignancy?

A

RCC (clear cell type)

  • chromophobe type (best prognosis)
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21
Q

Prostate gland

P for Patay; T for Thick

A

Peripheral zone: MC site of prostatic adenoCA
- baseball-catcher glove

Transitional zone: MC site of BPH
- Hindi kita sa ultrasound probe

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22
Q

Male urethral segments

“PPM”

“ABP”

A

PPM
- Posterior: Prostatic, Membranous (shortest segment)

ABP
- Anterior: Bulbous , Penile

23
Q

Cell type in urAchal carcinoma?

A

Adenocarcinoma

24
Q

Fistula from….
Complication of Diverticulitis?

Of gynecological surgery especially of cervical CA?

Attributable to Crohn’s disease?

A
  1. Vesicolonic fistula
  2. Vesicovaginal fistula
  3. Vesicoenteric fistula
25
Q

Meig’s Syndrome

A

Associated with ascites and pleural effusion in patient’s with ovarian fibromas

26
Q

Rokitansky nodule

A

Teratoma (MC germ cell neoplasm of the ovary)

27
Q

A-D-PKD (Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease)

“D for Disastrous”

A
  • Kidneys enlarged, replaced by multiple, bilateral,

asymmetrical cysts of VARYING SIZES

28
Q

Most common hereditary renal disorder

A

ADPKD

29
Q

MC curable cause of htn?

A

Renal Artery Stenosis

30
Q

Retinal angiomatosis, CNS hemangioblastomas,
pheochromocytomas, RCC

  • RCC usually multifocal and bilateral
A

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

  • Renal cysts most common finding
31
Q

Mental retardation, seizures, facial nevus flammeus
(adenoma sebaceum)

  • Associated w/ AML and RCC
A

Tuberous Sclerosis

32
Q

MC form of simple renal ectopy

A

PELVIC KIDNEY in which the kidney is located in the true pelvis
or anterior to the sacrum (sacral kidney)

33
Q

MC renal anomaly

A

HORSESHOE KIDNEY

34
Q

MC cause of an abdominal mass in a neonate (dunnick)

A

CONGENITAL UPJ OBSTRUCTION

35
Q

CIRCUMCAVAL URETER results when the ____ vein persists and forms the major portion of the vena cava

A

SUBCARDINAL VEIN

36
Q

Most frequently occurring congenital anomaly in the urinary tract (dunnick)

A

Partial Duplication

37
Q

Faceless kidney

A

Duplex collecting system

38
Q

MC abnormality associated with complete duplications

A

REFLUX INTO THE LOWER MOIETY

39
Q

Drooping Lily sign

A

DUPLEX COLLECTING SYSTEM

40
Q

Cobra-head or Spring onion deformity

A

URETEROCELE

41
Q

Most causes of pseudoureterocele are acquired;

MC cause of pseudoureterocele is ______.

A

STONE IMPACTED IN THE DISTAL URETER
producing a zone of edema around the ureteral orifice,
which mimics a true ureterocele

42
Q

MC congenital bladder lesion

A

EXSTROPHY

43
Q

HURLEY STICK DEFORMITY of the distal ureters just proximal to the ureterovesical junctions

A

BLADDER EXSTROPHY

44
Q

HUTCH Diverticulum

A

Congenital Bladder Diverticulum

45
Q

Umbilical attachment of the bladder which normally becomes a completely obliterated fibrous cord (umbilical ligament)

A

URACHUS

46
Q

Abnormal structure which allows flow of urine from the bladder to the umbilicus

A

PATENT URACHUS

47
Q

Segmental failure of closure of the urachus at the bladder attachment

A

URACHOCELE or diverticulum in the dome of the bladder

48
Q

Failure of urachus closure at the umbilical attachment

A

UMBILICAL SINUS

49
Q

Failure of urachus closure in any other part of the duct

A

URACHAL CYST

50
Q

MEYER-WEIGERT LAW
IDENTIFY THE MOIETY INVOLVED.

  • ureter is ectopic
  • enters bladder inferiorly and medially
  • may obstruct

“UO”

A

UPPER Pole Moiety

“UO”
- Upper pole Obstructs

51
Q

MEYER-WEIGERT LAW
IDENTIFY THE MOIETY INVOLVED.

  • ureter is orthotopic
  • may reflux
A

Lower pole moiety

52
Q

Posterior urethral valve types
Identify the types of the following:

A. Iris diaphragm across distal prostatic urethra
B. Proximal Leaflets - probably acquired
C. MOST COMMON; leaflets from distal veromontanum to urethral wall

A

Posterior urethral valve types:

TYPE III - Iris diaphragm across distal prostatic urethra
TYPE II - Proximal Leaflets - probably acquired
TYPE I - MOST COMMON; leaflets from distal veromontanum to urethral wall

53
Q

MC ectopic position for the undescenced testicle

A

INGUINAL CANAL

NBA Gametime (10 decks)

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