Cardiolovascular Imaging Flashcards
7 conditions with SMALL HEART
pressure overload and decreased ventricular compliance
- Aortic stenosis
- Arterial HTN
- Mitral stenosis
- Acute M.I.
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Constrictive pericarditis
8 conditions with LARGE HEART
volume overload; myocardial failure
- Aortic Regurgitation,
- Mitral Regurgitation,
- Tricuspid Regurgitation,
- High output states,
- Congestive cardiomyopathy,
- Ischemic cardiomyopathy,
- Pericardial effusion
- Paracardiac mass
MC benign cardiac tumor
“M-L-A LYMPH(manila lymph)”
MYXOMA (MC site: Left Atrium)
2nd MC: Lipoma (MC site: right atrium/atrial septum)
MC Malignant (in adults): Angiosarcoma 2nd MC Malignant (in adults): Lymphoma
MC cardiac tumor in children
“ReFeR”
RHABDOMYOMA
2nd MC: Fibroma
*MC Malignant: Rhabdomyosarcoma
MC primary malignant cardiac tumor in adult
ANGIOSARCOMA
MC primary malignant cardiac tumor in children
RHABDOMYOSARCOMA
DeBakey Classification
“BAD”
Type I: BOTH ascending and descending aorta
(Stanford A)
Type II: Ascending aorta only
(Stanford A)
Type III: Descending aorta only
(Stanford B)
Most common vascular anomaly
Anomalous or Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery
CORONARY ARTERY DOMINANCE:
A. RIGHT Dominant?
B. LEFT Dominant?
C. CO-DOMINANT?
CORONARY ARTERY DOMINANCE:
- determined by artery(ies) supplying the
posterior descending artery (PDA) and posterolateral artery (PLA)
A. RIGHT Dominant (85 %):
- RCA supplies both PDA and PLA
B. LEFT Dominant (7.5%):
- LCxA supplies both PDA and PLA
C. CO-DOMINANT (7.5%):
- RCA supplies PDA
- LCxA supplies PLA
MC Predisposing factor for AORTIC DISSECTION
HYPERTENSION
Most reliable finding for the diagnosis of aortic dissection on MSCT is the __________.
presence of an INTIMAL FLAP separating the true and false channels
Most common cause of congestive heart failure in the first day or two of life?
hypoplastic left heart syndrome
most common type of dextrocardia
mirror image dextrocardia
diverticulum at the base of the aberrant left subclavian artery is called ____________
Kommerell diverticulum
Isolated left subclavian artery receives blood from the aorta via retrograde flow through the ipsilateral vertebral artery and hence the term “________”.
congenital subclavian steal syndrome
Which cardiac chamber is most commonly affected in idiopathic cardiomyopathy (in swischuck) ?
LEFT VENTRICLE
Two forms of idiopathic cardiomyopathy (in swischuck):
- restrictive and
- congestive cardiomyopathies.
Compare them according to myocardial wall thickness.
“restricTHICK” and “congesTEEEEN (thin)”
The term “restrictive” results from the fact that the THICKENED myocardium fosters poor systolic filling of the left ventricle, and the
term “congestive” reflects the fact that the THINNED left ventricular myocardium is ineffective in expulsion of blood from the left ventricle, and passive congestion results.
The most common pericardial tumor noted in childhood, and especially in infancy, is ______. (in swischuck)
pericardial teratoma
most common cause of arterial aneurysm in the pediatric age group
Mycotic aneurysms secondary to infection
The most common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy is
__________.
myocardial ischemia secondary to coronary artery disease
The most common clinical feature of dilated cardiomyopathy is
_________.
LV failure
SALIENT VALVULAR LESION OF RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE
“MS. RHEUMA”
MITRAL STENOSIS
typical feature of valvular pulmonic stenosis
enlargement of the main and left pulmonary arterial segments
Most often cause of Pulmonary regurgitation
“PuRe PAH-PAH”
PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
“PuRe PAH-PAH”
PUlmonary REgurgitation
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)
