pulmonary function testing

Question 1

normal spirometry for young adult

Answer 1

Question 2

normal spirometry in older person

Answer 2

Question 3

reversible airway obstruction

Answer 3

dotted line is reversibility

Question 4

significant airflow obstruction

Question 6

normal spirometry for young person

Answer 6

Question 7

normal spirometry for older person

Answer 7

Question 8

reversible airway obstruction

Answer 8

Question 9

significant airflow obsturction

Answer 9

Question 10

restriction

Answer 10

Question 11

mixed obstruction/restriction pattern

Answer 11

Question 12

examples of obstructive pulmonary dseases

Answer 12

asthma, COPD, asthma-COPD overlap

Question 13

examples of restrictive pulmonary diseases

Answer 13

interstitial lung disease, rspiiratory muscle weakness, restrictive chest wall disease, rib deformity, obesity

Question 14

arterial blood gas is useful for

Answer 14

guiding management of severe acute respiratory disorders in hospital
assessing disorers associated with chronic respiratory failure
assessment for long term oxygen therapy

Question 15

pH<7.35

Answer 15

acidosis

Question 16

pH>7.45

Answer 16

alkalosis

Question 17

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 17

high pH
low PaCO2
eg. hyperventilation, heart failure

Question 18

metabolic alkalosis

Answer 18

high pH
high HCO3-
eg. NGT, drug induced, chronic vomiting or diarrhoea

Question 19

metabolic acidosis

Answer 19

low pH
low Hco3-
eg. DKA, CKD

Question 20

acute respiratory acidosis

Answer 20

low pH
high PaCO2
low HCO3- (not compensated)
eg. acute exacerbation of COPD

Question 21

chronic respiratory acidosis

Answer 21

low pH
high PaCO2
high bicarbonate (compensated)
eg. stable COPD

Question 22

structure for interpreting arterial blood gas

Answer 22

Question 23

venous blood gas

Answer 23

venous blood gas alone is inadequate to accurately assess pateints with respiratory failure
if venous blood gas analysis is performed and abnormal, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed