Pulmonary- Bronchiectasis and Asthma

Question 1

Bronchiectasis

Answer 1

Permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles caused by destruction of muscle and elastic tissue

Question 2

Bronchiectasis results from

Answer 2

repeated obstruction and infections causing remodeling, dilation, loss of smooth muscle and elastic tissue, fibrosis
- tenancy to collect secretions, become infected (often seen in patients with cystic fibrosis

Question 3

Bronchiectasis is manifested by

Answer 3

cough, fever, expectoration of copious, foul smelling purulent sputum

Question 4

Asthma

Answer 4

Chronic inflammatory airway disorder; symptoms caused by widespread, reversible bronchorestriction, mucus secretion, resulting in obstruction with inadequate ventilation
- atopic and non-atopic causes

Question 5

Asthma is frequently related to ____ hypersensitivity. Mediated by ____ antigens

Answer 5

type 1; IgE

Question 6

For asthma, antigen exposure results in pulmonary ______; results in increased _____ permeability and _____ production. It stimulated afferent vagus nerve causing ________ constriction

Answer 6

mast cell degranulation; vascular; mucus; bronchial smooth muscle constriction

Question 7

In asthma, hallmark cells include _____ (primary trigger), ____ (elevates in CBC_

Answer 7

mast cells, eosinophils

Question 8

Injury caused by chronic inflammation causes _____ and _____ tissue remodeling

Answer 8

fibrosis and bronchial tissue remodeling

Question 9

Non- atopic causes of Asthma

Answer 9

stimuli such as exercise and cold can exacerbate asthma, even without exposure to specific antigens; theorized that airway cooling and drying and increased perfusion of bronchial artery leads to vasoconstriction and bronchial edema , resulting tissue changes cause mast cell degranulation

Question 10

Asthma is classified in 4 categories:

Answer 10

intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severse persistent