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Cardiopulmonary > Pulmonary Anatomy > Flashcards

Pulmonary Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

List the components of respiratory system

A

Bony thorax
Muscles of ventilation
Upper and lower airways
Pulmonary circulation

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2
Q

List the function of respiratory system

A

Gas exchange
Fluid exchange
Filtration
Metabolism

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3
Q

Which muscle is the primary inspiratory muscle?

A

Diaphgram

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4
Q

Diaphragm maintains dome shape until when?

A

When abdominal muscles end their extensibility

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5
Q

Fibers of the diaphragm contract to elevate (upper/lower) ribs and push sternum and (upper/lower) ribs forward

A

Upper
Lower

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6
Q

Why does the R hemidiaphragm have more resistance?

A

The liver is on that side

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7
Q

In what anatomical position is the diaphragm at its greatest function?

A

Supine

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8
Q

How many inches does the diaphragm move in quiet sitting? With max effort?

A

2/3 inches
2.5-4 inches

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9
Q

Quiet Respiration: Muscles used for inspiration

A

Diaphragm (main)
External intercostals m.
Interchondral portion of internal intercostal m.

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10
Q

Quiet Respiration: Muscles used for expiration

A

Passive elastic recoil of lungs and thoracic cage
Abdominal muscles

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11
Q

Forced Respiration: Muscles used for inspiration

A

Diaphragm (main)
External intercostals m.
Interchondral portion of internal intercostal m.
SCM
Scalenes
Levator costarum
Serratus posterior superior

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12
Q

Forced Respiration: Muscles used for expiration

A

Active contraction of rectus abdominis
Ext and Int oblique muscles
Internal intercostal muscles
Serratus posterior inferior

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13
Q

Pulmonary arteries carry (oxygenated/deoxygenated) blood from (right/left) ventricle to lungs

A

Deoxygenated blood
Right ventricle

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14
Q

How is the pulmonary artery attached to the aorta?

A

Attach to arch of aorta by ligamentum arteriosum

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15
Q

Where does the right pulmonary artery cross?

A

Under the arch of aorta to reach right lung

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16
Q

What is the pleura of the lung?

A

Thin serous sack that surrounds each lung

17
Q

How do the lungs stay inflated?

A

Because of slight negative pressure (20 ml of serous fluid)

18
Q

If the pressure inside the pleura is compromised, what happens?

A

Lung will collapse toward the hilar region

19
Q

Hilum is where what vessels enter and leave?

A

The bronchus and pulmonary vessels enter and leave the lung

20
Q

The pulmonary ligament is where what crosses over?

A

Where pleural membranes cross over
Not a true ligament

21
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3
upper, right middle, lower

22
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2
upper and lower

23
Q

In the right lung, which fissure subdivides the upper lobe

A

Horizontal fissure

Cardiopulmonary (8 decks)

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